Ligation surgery is also known as sterilization, which refers to the vasectomy of the male partner or the tubal ligation of the female partner. The procedure is performed by separating the vas deferens or the fallopian tubes under local anesthesia, using a small hook to lift them out, holding the ends with a vascular clamp and cutting off the middle, and then ligating the stump with a silk thread. This way, no sperm will be ejaculated by the male partner and no eggs will be ejaculated by the female partner, thus providing permanent contraception. Generally, vasectomy for men is the first choice because of its superficial location and the simplicity of the procedure. If the male partner is suffering from a major physical disease and does not belong to the indications for vasectomy, the female partner can be chosen to have a vasectomy.