Usually cervical exfoliated cells do not appear atypical squamous cells, cervical polyps have atypical squamous cells, suggesting that there may be inflammation or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, should be further improved examination, timely treatment. Cervical polyps are generally caused by the cervical canal columnar epithelium outward displacement. Pathologic examination shows that the composition and structure of polyps are basically the same as normal cervical tissue. When cervical polyps are caused by inflammation due to various physical and chemical factors or microbial infections, atypical squamous epithelial cells can be formed, which belongs to a kind of precancerous lesion. Regular follow-up is recommended for patients with mild atypical hyperplasia. If the atypical hyperplasia reaches a moderate to severe level, it should cause high vigilance, and prophylactic excision can be performed. Pedicab papillomavirus (HPV) examination and cervical cancer screening are recommended, and medications or surgical treatments should be carried out according to the doctor’s instructions, so as to try to reverse mild atypical hyperplasia and to prevent cervical malignant tumors from occurring.