I. Can genetic testing be considered a prerequisite for choosing an effective treatment option? Yes, absolutely correct. The so-called precise treatment, also known as individualized treatment, is definitely not imagined out of thin air, but has objective indicators. Why was precision therapy not emphasized before? Because we did not find objective indicators before. So, what are the objective indicators now? It is the driver gene that causes cancer. Therefore, for patients diagnosed with advanced lung cancer, we must find these cancer-causing driver genes, and target the driver genes for targeted treatment, which will definitely have better effect. Second, which genes should be tested first by genetic testing? Any genes that have corresponding targeted drugs need to be tested. For example, there are now targeted drugs for EGFR gene mutation, such as gefitinib, erlotinib, erlotinib (Kemena), etc. Therefore, EGFR gene must be tested. In addition, there is another targeted drug, crizotinib, which has good results for patients with ALK fusion gene mutations, ROS1 gene mutations and, less frequently, NKRP1 fusion gene mutations. Therefore, for patients with good family conditions, it is recommended that all three fusion genes need to be tested. In the future, more mutated genes will be discovered and more targeted drugs will be applied to the clinic. In short, all genes should be routinely tested as long as the corresponding targeted drugs exist. Third, how many patients are found to be effective with targeted therapy through genetic testing? Among Asians, 80% of patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma can find mutated genes as targets; while among Western Caucasians, this value is only about 50%. Among lung cancer mutation targets, EGFR mutations account for about 50%; ALK mutations account for about 5%; and ROS1 mutations account for about 3%. Therefore, among the curable targets, about 60% of lung cancer patients have positive gene mutations, i.e., they can be effectively treated with targeted drugs. 4. Genetic testing is an emerging thing, which is mysterious to many people, so is genetic testing a difficult thing? Can it be trusted? In fact, it is not difficult, at least much easier than fiberoptic bronchoscopy or electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy. Genetic testing is done by obtaining a patient’s biopsy specimen, processing it appropriately, and testing it with testing equipment, and the results will be available soon. Especially with the development of technology, it is now more and more convenient to do genetic testing, and the results can be obtained within 3-4 hours for both EGFR and ALK genes. Therefore, genetic testing is not a difficult task, but it needs to be taken seriously. Doctors need to recognize the importance of genetic testing, and patients need to realize that it is important to test for these targets, because after finding them, patients themselves will enjoy the best and most accurate treatment modalities and improved outcomes.