Emphysema is associated with smoking, but it is not the only cause. Smoking can cause emphysema and is a common cause of emphysema. Especially in people who smoke a lot over a long period of time, the smoke can enter the lungs through the trachea and bronchial tubes, damaging the alveoli and other lung tissues, resulting in the manifestation of emphysema. However, smoking is not the only cause of emphysema, it can also be caused by prolonged exposure to irritating gases such as oil fumes, dysregulation of the protease-antiprotease balance, and genetic factors, all of which can lead to the development of emphysema. Although smoking is not the only cause of emphysema, it is still recommended to quit smoking as soon as possible. Smoking is hazardous to health and may not only cause emphysema and COPD, but also lung cancer and other diseases, which are harmful rather than beneficial.