There are many hazards of drowning, there are psychological aspects, physical aspects and social and family aspects. Mainly: 1, lung injury, drowning lung injury is mainly the lung surface active material is flushed and dysfunctional, resulting in collapse of the blisters, pulmonary atelectasis and intrapulmonary shunt, multiple mechanisms of lung injury, resulting in refractory hypoxemia, so for drowning patients regardless of the severity of the disease, all people who have gone through drowning should routinely go to the hospital for observation and treatment, routine examination of chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, blood gas analysis. If the patient is drowning in sewage to consider the prophylactic use of antibiotics, if it is clear that there is an infection to give broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment; 2, neurological injury, the prognosis of neurological injury depends mainly on the time of hypoxia in drowning patients, early and active assessment and treatment of neurological deterioration, severe hypothermia drowning patients, in the early resuscitation need to implement active rewarming measures. Once the drowning patient’s voluntary breathing and circulation have been restored, hypothermia may be used to promote recovery of neurological function. It is recommended that the core body temperature be maintained between 32°C and 36°C for at least 24 hours, and hypothermia is preferred for patients with cerebral edema and convulsions. It is recommended to check clinical signs, electrophysiology, imaging, and blood markers for an aggressive neurological evaluation for neurological recovery.