Xiao Liu, a college student, has been having irregular periods for a year and has suddenly gained a lot of weight. Not long ago, she came to the reproductive medicine center of Wuhan University People’s Hospital for medical treatment. After careful examination, the doctor told her mother that Xiao Liu was suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome. When you hear the name of this disease, many patients and their families are at a loss. In fact, with advances in medical tests, doctors have found that patients with polycystic ovary syndrome are common among women of childbearing age, accounting for 6%D15%, but the public knows little about the disease. Young women with irregular menstruation and sudden weight gain beware of polycystic ovary syndrome Expert name card: Professor Yang Jing, Director of the Center for Reproductive Medicine, People’s Hospital of Wuhan University Guest host for this issue: Yang Jing, M.D. Professor, Chief Physician and Doctoral Supervisor of the Center for Reproductive Medicine, Wuhan University People’s Hospital. She specializes in assisted reproductive technology (IVF), diagnosis and treatment of infertility, early diagnosis and treatment of reproductive endocrine diseases, and has extensive experience in the field of gynecological endoscopy. Occurrence of polycystic ovary syndrome: related to endocrine disorders Like Xiao Liu, many people do not know what polycystic ovary syndrome is all about. Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine and metabolic abnormality characterized by two things: ovulation disorder or loss of function and excess androgens in the patient’s body. In addition, most patients are hairy, and some have acne and seborrheic dermatitis. An ultrasound can reveal multiple follicles on the ovaries. Many patients exhibit male characteristics due to increased androgen levels in the body. Or, due to decreased estrogen, amenorrhea and inability to ovulate normally may cause infertility. The cause of endocrine disorder is related to their stressful study and employment, unhealthy lifestyle, and various factors such as environmental pollution and even heredity, which lead to anxiety, insomnia and depression. It is currently speculated that it may be a polygenic genetic disease. There is a certain degree of family aggregation in this group of patients, with many patients having fathers with hirsutism, acne, seborrheic dermatitis, and early baldness occurring, and mothers and sisters with sparse menstruation and infertility. Treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: perseverance is needed. For the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome, patients should first actively exercise to reduce the intake of high-fat and high-sugar foods and lower their body weight, which can lead to a decrease in androgen levels, which is beneficial for restoring ovulation. At the same time, patients should receive oral medication, including some oral contraceptives. If neither of these methods works well, laparoscopic surgery needs to be considered. However, like other diseases, polycystic ovary syndrome becomes more difficult to treat the longer it lasts, so once you have the relevant symptoms, you should visit the hospital in time to avoid delaying the condition. Therefore, we hope that in addition to women being concerned about the stability of their periods, if they find themselves suddenly gaining weight, they should not simply take it as eating too much or trying to lose weight, but should be more alert and come to the doctor if necessary. You should know that the effects of polycystic ovary syndrome are multifaceted. In addition to making you obese, it can also bring acne, infertility and other problems, and can even cause insulin resistance, laying hidden dangers for diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and so on. Oral contraceptives: an important means of pre-treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome Oral contraceptives contain two hormones, estrogen and progestin, and most oral contraceptives take ethinyl estradiol, which can inhibit circulating LH levels, inhibit pituitary LH synthesis, and increase circulating SHBG levels, but there is a special contraceptive, Daing-35, in which progestin is a hormone. -However, there is a special contraceptive pill, DYXA 35, which contains a progestin called cyproterone acetate, which is different from the progestin in other oral contraceptives and has a special effect of lowering androgen levels, inhibiting the action of 17a and 17-20 lyase in the ovaries and adrenal glands, thus reducing the synthesis of androgens. In addition, it can directly compete with the real androgen receptor to directly inhibit the function of androgen level, so it is said that this oral contraceptive containing cyproterone acetate is relatively unique in its anti-androgen level. It is a kind of pretreatment as a treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome to control androgen levels. Ovulation-promoting treatment: the first choice for infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome Since patients with polycystic ovary syndrome may cause infertility, ovulation-promoting treatment is needed for patients with fertility requirements. Clomiphene is currently the drug of choice for ovulatory treatment. If clomiphene is ineffective, gonadotropins may be applied, but with attention to the risk of multiple pregnancies and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. However, whether the patient conceives naturally or through pharmacologic ovulation, the babies born are not different from normal and the parents need not be concerned.