For the elbow joint, the flexion function is the most important. If the flexion function is limited, many things in daily life such as eating, combing hair, etc. cannot be done by oneself because one simply cannot get one’s hand close to one’s mouth or the back of one’s head, and the same is true for some other things. Generally speaking, only when the active angle reaches 130 or more can the above-mentioned types of movements be completed. The next important function is the rotation back of the elbow joint and forearm, that is, the upper body upright, the shoulder joint naturally down, bending the elbow 90 °, the wrist fixed, the palm of the hand turned upward action (in the same position on both sides, the palm of the hand relative to each other as the neutral position of the rotation action). As you can imagine, if you can’t fully rotate back, when you do this kind of action to wash your face, even if the flexion function is normal, you can’t hold the water in your hands to your face, so you still can’t fully take care of yourself. Only the active rotation angle to more than 60 °, to complete this type of action. Once again is the extension function, if the extension restriction is greater than 40 °, the upper limb in the dressing is not easy to set into the sleeve, and if the extension restriction is not to this extent, or basically aesthetic problems (except for individual patients who must be completely straight due to work needs), so the status of the extension function is placed in the third place. In elbow or forearm injuries, if braking is required, it is usually fixed in the anterior rotation position, so anterior rotation function is rarely a problem and is given the lowest position here. In summary the functional angles of the elbow joint should be: flexion active 130°, extension active 30°, rotation posterior active 60°, and rotation anterior active 60°. Once the mobility of the elbow joint is restricted, functional exercises are more difficult compared to other joints, the joint appears to be very fragile, the stress response is heavier, and a slight overexertion may cause a more serious inflammatory response, and in more severe cases there is a risk of ossifying myositis. The cause of this phenomenon is unknown at this time, but it is usually related to the degree of injury and the violence of the exercise, and because of the unpredictability of external injuries, the amount of activity can only be controlled more precisely to ensure the quality of the joint. At the same time, adequate icing and rest are not to be neglected in elbow function exercises and should be done carefully according to the standards. Elbow joint loosening technique: The following described way to practice a maximum of 1 group per day in each direction of movement, avoid multiple practice stimulation, strive to obtain the established effect within the specified practice time, try to avoid multiple repetitive stimulation, and arrange for rest in time when you feel that the exercise is too much and the pain cannot be relieved. 1, flexion This is a method of self-practice flexion, especially suitable for flexion elbow angle less than 90 degrees, as shown in the figure, the patient lies flat, with the healthy side of the hand to control the position of the affected limb, the angle of the upper arm of the affected limb is not fixed, can be adjusted to ensure the forearm level, apply a load on the distal forearm, barely insist on about 10 minutes under the premise of full relaxation, 1-2 times a day. If the stimulus is too strong to relax or the pain is too strong during the exercise, the load weight can be reduced or even removed. At this point, sufficient relaxation as well as adherence to sufficient time is the most important factor, practice with attention to the quality of movement. This is another method that applies after the angle of flexion of the elbow beyond 90°. As shown in the figure, the patient sits on the edge of the bed or table, with the forearm on the edge of the bed, and uses the body to lean forward to increase the elbow flexion angle. Due to the high strength of the trunk, the strength of the lean forward should also be controlled to ensure safety. If you feel discomfort during the activity, you can also put a pad between your forearm and the edge of the bed to reduce the discomfort that can be avoided. Usually each exercise in 2-3 minutes, intervals of no more than half a minute, continuous 15-20 minutes group. Of course, you can also use your healthy side hand to assist in completing the movement. If you practice elbow flexion, the upper arm muscles of the posterior group (triceps-antagonist muscles) pulling feeling is obvious, you can also strengthen the pulling effect of the antagonist muscles by performing elbow joint pulling exercises in the state of excessive forward flexion of the shoulder joint. 2.Spin back Sit at the table, shoulder joint relaxed, elbow flexed (necessary), forearm flat on the table, hold a long-handled weight in your hand and let it tilt outward under the action of gravity. When grasping the grip, take care to avoid excessive force, grasp can be, at this time only the muscle groups involved in grasping the force, but does not affect the relaxation of the rotational muscles. If the rotation is severely limited, it is also appropriate to use the healthy side of the hand to assist in tipping the weight outward. This movement is less stimulating to the entire elbow joint and can be practiced for a longer period of time, and if the pain caused by it is not significant, the number of exercises can be increased daily. This action is especially important for patients with “radial tuberosity” injuries, and the exercises should be carried out as soon as reasonably possible after the injury. 3, stretching patients lying on the edge of the bed, the forearm of the affected limb out of the bed, in the distal forearm applied load, fully relaxed, try to adhere to 15-20 minutes, 1-2 times a day, for comfort, under the elbow joint can be added to the pad. Special attention should be paid to the extension exercises as they are performed in the opposite direction to the flexion exercises, which need to be performed at an interval of 3-4 hours from each other. 4.Front rotation The movement is similar to the back rotation exercise, but in the opposite direction, the rest of the requirements are identical. In the process of functional exercises of the elbow joint, the elbow joint is generally cold but not heat resistant, and ice is the most important means to control inflammation, but heat is not suitable for everyone, all the time. If the skin temperature is higher than normal, all treatments with thermal effects are strictly forbidden, and massage at the elbow joint is strictly forbidden. Once again, it is important to control the amount of elbow joint mobility exercises, not to overdo them, and to avoid violent operations as much as possible. Especially for patients with serious injuries such as fractures and dislocations, the setting of the amount of exercise is especially critical. In addition, ice and rest are essential to make sure to avoid causing repeated injuries during the exercises, further aggravating the damage to the tissue. During the exercise, if symptoms such as persistent pain, significantly increased joint skin temperature, swelling and stiffness occur, be sure to follow up with the hospital and monitor the occurrence of ossifying myositis by means of blood tests, ultrasound diagnosis, CT and X-ray.