Interferons are important antiviral agents for slow hepatitis B. These drugs include regular interferon, long-acting interferon alpha-2a and long-acting interferon alpha-2b, the latter two being the new generation of interferon with better efficacy than regular interferon. The interferon class of drugs has outstanding advantages in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B: higher e antigen conversion rate and surface antigen clearance rate, and long-lasting efficacy after drug discontinuation. However, it also has obvious problems, such as the inconvenience of injectable dosing, more pronounced adverse effects early in treatment, and higher costs. The most concerning aspect is that the efficacy of interferon therapy varies considerably from patient to patient due to individual differences. Fortunately, numerous studies have confirmed that there are important predictors of the efficacy of interferon therapy, meaning that there are indicators that can be used to determine a person’s likelihood of achieving treatment success before interferon therapy begins, as a reference for choosing the drug to use. The most important predictors of efficacy prior to interferon treatment are ALT and HBV DNA levels. Patients with high pre-treatment ALT levels and low HBV DNA levels (commonly referred to as “high enzyme and low toxicity”) have higher efficacy after interferon treatment and are known as superior patients for interferon treatment. The results of the study showed that patients with high baseline ALT levels (5-10 times the upper limit of ALT) and low HBV DNA levels (<7log copies/ml) treated with long-acting interferon alpha-2a had an e antigen seroconversion rate of more than 60% at 24 weeks of follow-up after 48 weeks of treatment, and that these patients had a surface antigen clearance rate of approximately 30% at 3 years after discontinuation. Interferon therapy allows for safe discontinuation and better outcomes for superior patients, and such patients are best considered for the best outcomes with interferon therapy. However, for other patients, it is not impossible to consider interferon therapy. If discontinuation is highly desirable, interferon therapy can also be attempted, and there is equal hope of obtaining e antigen conversion and achieving safe discontinuation by adjusting the treatment regimen according to response after treatment initiation.