Indications for patients treated with interventional lung decongestion: 1. symptoms: cough, dyspnea; 2. medical history: hospital diagnosis of “chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)”; Wang Guangfa, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking University First Hospital; 3. smoking history: long-term smoking history, need to quit smoking for more than six months before receiving minimally invasive lung decongestion; 4. lung function (Body tracing box method): (1) RV (residual air volume) >150% Pred, i.e., residual air volume >1.5 times the expected value (normal value); (2) TLC (total lung volume) >100% Pred, i.e., total lung volume >1 times the expected value (normal value); (3) FeV1 (percentage of first second forceful expiration) between 15 and 45% of the expected value; 5. High-resolution CT. Severe destruction of lung tissue structure in the target lobe (lung lobe to be treated), less severe destruction of lung tissue structure in the adjacent lobe, intact interlobular fissures between the target lobe and the adjacent lobe. 6, 6 minute walk test: >140 m 7, Chartis lung collateral/bypass ventilation test. 8, Pulmonary ventilation perfusion test. Patients who meet the above criteria undergo testing with the Chartis Pulmonary Collateral/Bypass Ventilation Assessment System prior to interventional lung decongestion therapy.