The causes of hemolysis in children include mother-infant blood group incompatibility, red blood cell abnormality, infection and other factors.
1. Maternal and infant blood group incompatibility: mostly seen in neonatal ABO hemolysis, mother’s blood type is O and child’s blood type is A or B. Antibodies are produced in the mother’s body, which enter the baby’s body through the placenta, destroying the baby’s red blood cells and leading to hemolysis in neonates.
2. Abnormal red blood cells: red blood cells have abnormal morphology, become oval, spherical and other forms, and no longer have the ability to deform in the shape of a biconcave disc, which is easy to be destroyed when passing through smaller blood vessels, leading to hemolysis or erythrocyte enzyme defects, such as serosanguineous disease, and so on.
3. Infection: after infection, pathogenic bacteria produce toxins and attack red blood cells, resulting in hemolysis.
There are many other causes of hemolysis in children, and it is recommended to go to the hospital to clarify the cause and actively treat it.