The epiglottis anatomically belongs to a part of the laryngeal vocal folds, and the pathologic type of epiglottis cancer is mostly squamous cell carcinoma, which occurs on both the tongue and laryngeal surfaces of the epiglottis, and also metastasizes to the cervical lymph nodes. After diagnosis, a comprehensive and individualized treatment mainly consisting of surgical resection plus postoperative radiotherapy is mostly adopted. Specific surgical procedures include partial laryngectomy at the level of the supraglottis and cervical lymph node dissection. For older patients or patients with poor lung function, total laryngectomy with tracheostomy is required, otherwise patients are prone to aspiration, choking, and recurrent aspiration pneumonia after surgery, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.