Common Causes of Anal Fissures: The Medical Zong Jin Jian・Surgical Heart Method Essentials says: “Those who have fractures around the anus, folds and ruptures, and knots in the stool, are also fire-dry.” This briefly describes the causes of anal fissures due to heat and intestinal dryness, or constipation due to yin deficiency and fluid deficiency, which causes fissures in the anal skin, followed by infection and the gradual formation of chronic, poke-shaped ulcers. However, there are also infections due to anal canal stenosis, anal eczema, hemorrhoid injury, etc. 1, anatomical factors: the external anal sphincter is superficial, starting from the tailbone and going forward to the back of the anus. The anterior and posterior parts of the anus are not as strong as the sides and are easily damaged. Therefore, the posterior part of the anal canal is heavily compressed by feces, and because the posterior part of the anal canal has insufficient blood circulation, poor elasticity, and more distribution of anal glands, these are the factors for the occurrence of anal fissure. 2, trauma theory: dry and hard stool or foreign bodies are likely to cause damage to the skin of the anal canal, which is the main factor causing anal fissure. 3.Infection theory: mainly the anal fossa in the back of the anus is infected, and the inflammation spreads to the lower part of the skin of the anal canal, resulting in the subcutaneous abscess breaking and becoming anal fissure. 4, internal sphincter spasm theory: due to injury or inflammatory stimulation of the anal canal, the anal sphincter is in spasm, resulting in increased tension of the anal canal, which is easily damaged into anal fissure. 5, anal slit theory: anal canal skin in the development of delayed, generate anal canal slit, easy to damage into anal fissure. Because anal fissures can cause many complications and affect our work and life, we must pay attention to prevention in our daily life. 1, sitz bath is also an important measure to treat perianal diseases such as anal fissures. Because of the anatomical and physiological peculiarities of the rectum and anal canal, it is more scientific to use mannitol or 1:5000 potassium permanganate in sitz baths when anal fissures occur, whether in the acute or chronic stage. The purpose of the sitz bath is to keep the area clean immediately after each stool. For patients who are not convenient to sit in the bath, such as maternity, stroke patients, etc., you can take the local flushing method. Now there are a lot of toilet with flushing function in the market, patients who have the conditions may want to try. When it is inconvenient, take a syringe for local cleaning care can also be. 2, diet regulation is also a good way to prevent anal fissures. Drink more water, eat less meat, increase the intake of high-fiber foods such as vegetables and fruits, and avoid spicy and stimulating foods, all of which can keep the bowels open and reduce the occurrence of anal fissures. 3, more exercise, avoid prolonged standing, sitting, avoid prolonged squatting and struggling. Generally after the above treatment, most patients can be cured. But clinically, we often encounter patients with recurrent disease. In the author’s opinion, once anal fissure becomes chronic, the effect of only local conservative treatment will be poor, so it is more important to seek timely and thorough treatment. If the fissure does not heal after a long time, if the medication does not work, and if the symptoms are severe, then surgery is recommended.