The pain of anal fissures is known to all, but the pain of anal fissures is only known when you have had them, and it is impossible to describe the degree of pain, but that vague, sometimes large, sometimes small, sometimes distant, sometimes near the knife like pain really makes people feel bad. Anal fissure concept The incidence of anal fissure is the second most common anorectal disease, after hemorrhoids, and is more common in young adults between the ages of 20 and 40, with more men than women in China. As the name implies, anal fissure is a fissure in the anus. Professionally, the concept is a prismatic fissure or ulcer formed by a rupture of the skin of the anal canal below the dentate line of the anus due to various reasons. The direction of the fissure is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the anal canal and is either pyknotic or oval in shape. The vast majority of fissures are located in the posterior median line of the anal canal, because of the close relationship between local anatomy and the physiology of the anal canal, or in the anterior median line, and rarely laterally. If an anal fissure occurs laterally, the possibility of inflammatory bowel disease or tumor should be considered. Long-term untreated anal fissures can seriously affect patients’ lives, and can also induce perianal eczema, anal itching and other anal diseases, and may form perianal abscesses, high-grade complex anal fissures, causing anal incontinence, or, more seriously, cancer. Causes of anal fissures Many people often experience constipation, pain and bleeding after stool, and people often think it is hemorrhoids. Some people also feel that it is only dry and hard stools that can crack the anus, not knowing how many anal fissure causes there really are, however, patients with such symptoms often have not hemorrhoids but anal fissures. What are the causes of anal fissures? 1, constipation: constipation is a very important one among the causes of induced anal fissures. If the patient has frequent constipation and dry stool, it is bound to damage the anal canal when passing through it, causing anal fissures. In addition, if the patient is not cured of constipation during the treatment of anal fissures, then it will trigger anal fissures again in the future, resulting in frequent attacks of anal fissures. 2, bad defecation habits: many people have the habit of reading newspapers and smoking when defecating, which invariably prolongs the defecation time and increases the pressure on the anal area, causing blood pooling in the anal area. If at this time and then force defecation, excessive pressure on the anal canal area, it will cause anal fissure bleeding. 3, infection factors: If there are long-term infection factors around the anal canal, it will lead to recurring anal fissures, and delayed. These infection factors mainly include hemorrhoids, perianal abscess, anal fistula, anal sinusitis and other anal intestinal diseases. 4, trauma factors: most people think that anal trauma is anal tear, underestimating the condition of anal fissure delayed treatment, such as eating bone stool is punctured anal canal skin tear, the next time you force stool will be anal pain and blood in the stool. Typical symptoms of anal fissures Constipation is both a cause and a consequence of anal fissures. After an anal fissure, the patient is reluctant to defecate due to anal pain, which over time causes constipation and drier stools. Constipation can aggravate the fissure, forming a vicious circle that makes it difficult to heal. So the 2 typical symptoms of anal fissures are: 1. Periodic pain: pain is the main symptom of anal fissures, most of the pain symptoms of anal fissures are very intense and have a typical periodicity, burning-like or knife-like pain in the anal canal when defecating, called pain during defecation. After a few minutes of relief, called intermittent period, followed by anal sphincter spasm again severe pain, which can last half to several hours, clinically known as sphincter contracture pain, until the sphincter fatigue, pain relief after relaxation, and then defecation pain, called anal fissure pain cycle. 2, blood in the stool: Anal fissure is another major manifestation of blood in the stool, which is due to the expansion of the anal canal during defecation, causing small blood vessels at the anal fissure tear, bleeding is not much, sometimes not, or blood drops out during the stool, or blood on the surface of the stool, or blood on the hand paper after the stool, and sometimes a small amount of mucus is visible in the blood. Preventing anal fissures: drinking water regularly defecate Drinking water is the most effective way to prevent constipation. Gao Wei, deputy chief physician of the Department of Anorectal Medicine at Shenyang Anorectal Hospital, suggests drinking more water, eating more coarse fiber vegetables and fruits, and eating some coarse grains to correct constipation and promote smooth stools, avoiding spicy foods and tobacco and alcohol. At the same time to develop good defecation habits, preferably in the morning after waking up or breakfast, in normal life should be reasonably arranged in order to prevent the occurrence of disease. If the anal fissure is not treated in time, it will develop into anal canal ulcer, sentinel hemorrhoid, anal papillary hypertrophy, anal sinusitis and anal fistula, collectively known as “anal fissure quintuplet”. Once the “five fissures” are formed, it means that the condition is more serious and the treatment is more complicated, even if the anal incontinence is a lifelong problem. Therefore, patients with anal fissures should go to regular professional hospitals for treatment in a timely manner.