Tumors can grow in the kidneys of children, but most have nephroblastoma (also known as Wilm’s tumor), a tumor of the kidney found primarily in children and very rarely in adults. This tumor is usually treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation therapy. Most children with Wilm’s tumor have a good survival rate, but those with a progressive stage have a poor prognosis.
Typical kidney cancers, although also seen in children, are extremely rare. These tumors all show a unique mutation in the TFE3 gene, which may be the main reason for the development of the tumor in children. Kidney cancers that occur in children or minors are more malignant and more likely to progress; however, with aggressive surgical and systemic systemic therapy, most children have a better prognosis.
Kidney cancer in children, which is often better treated with chemotherapy and requires a multidisciplinary treatment model, may be considered neoadjuvant chemotherapy.