Table 9 Classification of hypertension associated with targeted therapeutic agents for renal cell carcinoma

Severity grading

Clinical features

Grade I

Pre-hypertension (systolic blood pressure 120-139 mmHg, or diastolic blood pressure 80-89 mmHg.

Class II

Stage I hypertension (systolic blood pressure 140 to 159 mmHg, or diastolic blood pressure 90 to 99 mmHg); requires medical intervention; recurrent or persistent (>24-hour) hypertension with symptomatic diastolic elevation >20 mmHg, or blood pressure >140/90 mmHg (in those with previously normal blood pressure); requires monotherapy.

Class III

Stage II hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥ 160 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 100 mmHg) requiring medical intervention and multiple medications.

Grade IV

Life-threatening (e.g., hypertensive crisis), requiring urgent treatment.

Grade V

Death.

Note: Grading criteria used National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE 4.0); 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa .