The ovaries are the gonads of women and their main functions are: 1) to produce eggs and ovulate 2) to produce sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. The function of the ovaries is mainly determined by the number and quality of follicles in the ovaries. There are about 2 million follicles at birth and 300,000-500,000 at puberty, and only 400-500 follicles develop and ovulate during a woman’s lifetime. Factors affecting ovarian function In addition to age, genetic factors, environmental toxins, viral infections, autoimmune antibodies, medications, pelvic radiation, etc. may lead to the accelerated depletion or destruction of eggs in the ovaries, causing a decline in ovarian function. In addition, ovarian diseases and gynecological surgery that damage the ovarian blood supply or ovarian tissues can also reduce ovarian function. Some young people have gradually reduced menstrual flow and are worried about premature ovarian failure and premature menopause, how to detect reduced ovarian function? 1, Inhibin B: lower inhibin, is the earliest indicator of ovarian hypofunction 2, Follicle stimulating hormone FSH level: on the 3rd day of menstruation or any time in the menopausal state when serum FSH is greater than 10mIU/ml, ovarian hypofunction may exist. 3.Measurement of serum FSH/LH ratio: When the ratio of serum FSH/LH is greater than 3.6, there may be ovarian hypofunction. 4.Clomiphene test: Take 100 mg of clomiphene orally on the 5th-9th day of menstruation and measure FSH on the 3rd and 10th day of menstruation. If the sum of the two times is greater than 26mIU/ml or if FSH is greater than 15mIU/ml on the 10th day of menstruation, ovarian hypofunction may exist. 5.Gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test: 50 micrograms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone preparation, dissolved in 2 ml of saline and injected intravenously, to determine FSH and LH before injection, 30 minutes and 90 minutes after injection respectively; FSH greater than 10 mIU/ml before injection and 15-20 mIU/ml at 30 minutes and 90 minutes may be associated with ovarian hypofunction. 6.Ovarian responsiveness in superovulatory cycles: reduced ovarian responsiveness in superovulatory cycles has 6 times higher chance of menopause in 10 years than that of normal ovarian response. 7. Basal estrogen level: If the basal estrogen level is higher than 60 pg/ml on day 2-4 of menstruation, ovarian hypofunction may be present. Ultrasonography: The volume of the ovary, the number of follicles, and the blood flow of the ovary can reflect the age of the ovary. The volume of the ovary changes before the rise of FSH, the maximum diameter of the ovary is less than 20 mm, the number of follicles is less than 5, and the peak blood flow velocity during the systolic phase of the ovarian blood flow is reduced. The above mentioned laboratory tests can be used as indicators of ovarian function, but one cannot judge diminished ovarian function based on a single result, and can be observed dynamically.