The nursing assessment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is to assess the amount of gastrointestinal bleeding and to look at the blood pressure and heart rate. The ratio of heart rate to blood pressure is normally at 0.8. If it is greater than 1.0 or more, most of the time the amount of gastrointestinal bleeding is likely to be 1000 ml or more. If the ratio is 1.2, most of the GI bleeding is more than 1500ml. If the ratio is greater than 2.0, the amount of bleeding is usually 2500 ml. Therefore, in such cases, it is usually necessary to actively administer fluids, observe vital signs as well as blood pressure, pulse rate, heart rate and the patient’s general status. If the lid conjunctiva is paler, the patient is agitated, the bowel sounds are more hyperactive, there is facial sclera and pallor, it is necessary to actively inform the doctor and give systematic and comprehensive treatment. For the care method, it also generally depends on the amount of black stool. If the number of stools is more frequent, the color is getting darker, or the nature of the stool is getting thinner, it is considered a case of active bleeding in the digestive tract, and it is necessary to improve the routine blood tests to further assess the amount of bleeding and decide the treatment plan.