1.Postoperative care routine According to the general care routine of anorectal department. Give anti-infection and hemostatic treatment according to medical prescription. Take the lateral position after surgery, do not loosen the dressing within 4-6h, and move slowly when turning to prevent bleeding. The first thing you need to do is to get out of bed. It’s not easy to do strenuous exercise or sit or squat for a long time before the wound heals, so as not to affect the wound healing. The hemorrhoid fistula can eat normally a few hours after surgery, but should pay attention to nutrition, should eat more protein-rich easily digestible food, should avoid spicy, fried, tobacco and alcohol diet, but also should eat more fiber-containing foods, such as vegetables, fruits, to facilitate defecation. In addition, patients should be prevented from fasting after surgery for fear of the wound being affected by bowel movements, which will make wound healing more difficult. 2.Postoperative care of urinary retention After anal surgery, some patients will have difficulty in urination, which is treated with a combination of Chinese and Western medicine. First of all, the medical staff should explain to the patients that this is due to the stimulation of anal sphincter spasm and bladder smooth muscle contraction weakness by surgical anesthesia and wound pain, which produces defecation difficulties and urinary retention, and elderly male patients mostly have prostate hypertrophy and urethral stricture, which, together with old age and weakness, further aggravate the occurrence of urinary retention. Therefore, painkillers should be used as appropriate; hot compresses or massage in the lower abdominal bladder area; going to the toilet to let them listen to the sound of running water to form a conditioned reflex to facilitate urination; acupuncture or intramuscular injection of neostigmine 0.25 mg can also be used. catheterization must be performed when the above methods still fail to urinate and bladder filling is obvious. 3, postoperative abdominal distension care Some patients will have abdominal distension after anorectal surgery, the reasons are: (1) anesthesia, local anesthesia is less, especially lumbar anesthesia and sacral anesthesia is obvious, appear in the postoperative day. (2) too much and too tight dressing to fill the anus, so that the anus cannot be exhausted; (3) long postoperative bed rest and poor intestinal peristalsis; (4) excessive consumption of milk, sugar and other gas-producing foods. The treatment method can be combined with Chinese and Western medicine: first of all, abdominal hot compress, if not effective, can be combined with acupuncture treatment, after seeking the doctor’s consent to properly relax the anal filling dressing, after the dressing filling time is enough, the patient can be asked to defecate as soon as possible, or request the doctor to give the anal canal exhaust, and if necessary, oral administration of Chinese and Western drugs to promote digestion. 4, post-operative incision pain care Post-operative incision pain mainly occurs within 24h after surgery, especially about 6h after surgery is the most. If the pain is heavy, acupuncture auricular points, buried beans, or oral Tramadol 50mg can be administered, and if it is not effective, pethidine 50-100mg can be injected intramuscularly. In order to reduce the pain, anal pain plugs should be inserted after surgery to relieve postoperative pain. 5. Care for postoperative perianal swelling and pain Postoperative perianal swelling and pain is caused by swelling of the surgical incision, friction of the incision when defecating, and internal hemorrhoids that have not fallen off. It usually occurs within 3 days after surgery. In our department, we use a combination of Chinese and Western medicine, in addition to antibiotic infusion, we also use “cool blood and stop bleeding”, which is specially formulated by our department, and after 5 days, we change to “hemorrhoid swelling relief” and continue to take it orally for 5 days, which can reduce inflammation, swelling, bleeding and pain. The patient’s pain can be well reduced and the healing of the incision can be promoted. 6.For postoperative painful defecation and painful defecation, defecation bleeding and painful defecation are inevitable, on average, within 1 week after surgery, and up to 2 weeks after surgery for long bleeding. After each postoperative bowel movement, the patient should take a sitz bath with “Kupo for healing soup” and change the medicine after the sitz bath. Physical therapy, such as infrared radiation, is suitable for post-operative adjuvant treatment of the anus and can promote its healing. It is also very important to change the medication after surgery, saline rinse around the wound, when there is edema, use hypertonic saline wet compress or trim, when there is purulent discharge, use hydrogen peroxide solution (hydrogen peroxide) rinse (such as anal impotence), “comfrey oil gauze” filling, drainage, stimulate the growth of granulation; fresh wound with saline cleaning after using The fresh wound is cleaned with saline and filled with “quick-acting hemorrhoid cream + hemorrhoid plugs”. The process of changing medication should be gentle, talk to the patient more and distract him/her, and use local anesthetic when the pain is unbearable. 7. Pre-discharge guidance Insist on hot salt water or Chinese medicine sitz bath every night, develop the habit of regular bowel movement and timely treatment of diarrhea or constipation. Keep the anus clean, avoid stimulation, soft stool paper, and do not wear tight pants and rough underwear. Avoid sitting, standing or squatting for a long time, do not sit too hot, too cold, wet objects or ground, preferably with soft cushions. Avoid smoking, alcohol, spicy products. Eat more fruit, food containing more crude fiber. Do not carry a lot of weight, to prevent excessive fatigue. Perform appropriate physical exercise. Reduce weight. You can perform anal lifting exercises 3 to 5 times a day (i.e. contract the anus by yourself for 5s and then stretch it for 5s, inhale deeply when contracting the anus, and so on for 5 to 10 times repeatedly), and if conditions allow, perform anal retraction exercises 400 to 500 times/d, which have the effect of strengthening the anal sphincter and reducing the recurrence of hemorrhoids.