The causes of erythrocyte aplastic anemia are classified as congenital and acquired. The causes of congenital erythrocyte aplastic anemia may be related to heredity; acquired erythrocyte aplastic anemia is mainly related to drugs, viruses, abnormalities of the immune system and tumors. Clinically, congenital erythrocyte aplastic anemia mostly occurs in young children and has a chronic course; acquired erythrocyte aplastic anemia mostly has an acute onset. 1. Congenital erythrocyte aplastic anemia: it is a genetic disease with defective erythropoiesis due to gene mutation, and children with this disease have pale skin and mucous membranes, short stature, congenital cataracts and other developmental abnormalities, and it is easy to be complicated by tumors. After clear diagnosis, glucocorticoid (prednisone) and blood transfusion are usually given to treat the disease, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be given to children without contraindications for transplantation. 2. Viral infection: after the body is infected with virus, the virus invades the cells, damages and destroys the red blood cells, resulting in red blood cell regeneration disorder. 3. Drugs: long-term use of chloramphenicol, isoniazid, acetaminophen and other drugs can induce red blood cell regeneration disorder. 4. Immune system abnormalities: autoimmune system diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis patients, can also appear red blood cell regeneration disorder. 5. Tumors: patients with thymoma, lung cancer, gastric cancer, etc. can also develop erythrocyte aplasia. Patients with acquired erythrocyte aplasia are usually treated with immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine A, glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate. Warm tips: the causes of erythrocyte aplastic anemia mainly include gene mutation, drugs, viruses, immune system abnormalities and tumors. After clear diagnosis, patients should be actively treated under the guidance of doctors.