Anterior displacement of superficial flexor tendon anastomosis to repair flexor tendon injury in zone II

  I. General data 19 cases with 32 fingers in this group, 11 cases with 21 fingers in men and 8 cases with 11 fingers in women, age 16~55 years old, average 29.3 years old. There were 24 fingers in 15 cases of excision injury and 8 fingers in 4 cases of stabbing injury. There were 12 cases of index finger, 10 cases of middle finger, 7 cases of ring finger, and 3 cases of little finger. Injury to the flexor finger was fractured in 6 cases and 10 fingers, and injury to the extensor finger was fractured in 13 cases and 22 fingers. Injury site: Ⅱc area 8 cases 14 fingers, Ⅱd area 11 cases 18 fingers, the post-injury time are within 24 hours.  Second, the surgical method After successful brachial plexus anesthesia, routine disinfection, meticulous debridement, and tourniquet. The ends of the deep and superficial flexor tendons were fixed with an injection needle, and the ends were trimmed to a smooth surface under microscope or magnification, and the distal ends of the superficial flexor tendons were shortened by about 3-5 mm compared with the deep tendons without damaging the tendon nucleus. The deep flexor tendon was sutured with 4-0 tendon thread using the modified kessler method, and the periphery was sutured with 6-0 nylon thread for one week of continuous internal rotation. The sutures of the superficial flexor tendon were sutured in different ways according to the subregion. In subzone IId, the suture of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon was sutured; in subzone IIc, only one bundle of superficial tendon was sutured using the vertical mattress method. To prevent the tough A2 glide from jamming the repaired tendon, the A2 glide can be actively partially incised or completely incised using a tongue flap. A tourniquet is loosened to stop bleeding completely, and a small amount of confirmatory pine -A is placed after flushing to observe the relationship between the tendon anastomosis and the tendon sheath wound under flexion and extension activities of the wrist, palm, and finger joints to determine the angle of postoperative plaster fixation. Then, depending on the site and extent of the tendon sheath injury, the A2 slide was repaired directly or enlarged, as appropriate. Finally, the skin is meticulously sutured.  Postoperative fixation In principle, the extensor tendon rupture is fixed by the modified Kleinert method with rubber band traction on the fingertip, and the extensor tendon rupture is fixed by the Duran method without rubber band traction. The angle of the flexed wrist and metacarpophalangeal joint was flexed according to the intraoperative observation of the position of the tendon anastomosis in relation to the tendon sheath wound, so that the anastomosis did not touch each other and slipped into the tendon sheath without touching the tendon sheath wound in static condition.  Fourth, rehabilitation treatment Physiotherapy is used 24h~2 weeks after surgery, and the method of active finger extension and passive finger flexion is used to forge the injured finger from 48h after surgery, but over-extension of the finger is avoided, and rubber band traction is removed at night to avoid contracture of the interphalangeal joint. From 4 weeks after surgery, the plaster brace was removed, and active activities were performed with the aid of a power brace.  The results were evaluated according to the TAM method recommended by the American Society for Hand Surgery: TAM was excellent in 21 fingers, including 8 fingers in zone IIc and 13 fingers in zone IId, and TAM was better than 75% of normal in 11 fingers.  However, in this group of cases, the wounds were still clean, the tendons were not defective and the tendon sheaths were still intact, so we took the following measures: ① Appropriate shortening of the distal end of the flexor superficial tendon, so that the anastomosis was moved forward and closer to the distal end of the tendon, so that there was less chance of adhesion. The anastomosis is located at the distal end of the anastomosis of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon, so that the two anastomoses are ② Postoperatively, according to the different positions at the time of injury and the intraoperative observation of the relationship between the two tendon anastomoses and the tendon sheath wound under the flexion and extension activities of the wrist, palm and finger joints, different external fixation methods of plaster are adopted. If the injury is in the extension position, rubber band traction is used to increase the finger flexion and increase the distance between the tendon anastomosis and the tendon sheath wound, while the injury in the flexion position does not use rubber band traction on the finger tip and adopts a natural resting position to avoid prolonged contact between the wounds under static conditions.  ③The microscopic operation technique is used, and firm suture material is applied so that the suture is not expanded. ④The surgical method has good results for the treatment of flexor tendon injuries in either zone IIc or zone IId.  ④The joint is separated, and because the flexor digitorum profundus tendon is slightly more mobile than the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon, it is possible to keep the two anastomoses from touching each other during activity.  The operation note: ① microscopic non-invasive ② sharp knife shear tendon severed end ③ hemostasis thoroughly ④ sure inflammation pine – A small amount, so as not to affect the skin healing Not enough: if accompanied by finger bone fracture or tendon for avulsion injury, extrusion injury and other heavy injury, pollution, this method is not suitable; Ⅱc area to the far flexor tendon injury, because of close to the stop point, forward anastomosis has difficulties, then also should not use this method.