Causes Common causes of falls are slippery or greasy floors, tripping over clutter, uneven floors or high doorways, poorly secured or improperly placed ladders, or the casual use of chairs or boxes as ladders. Overexertion or distracted walking (especially up and down steps). Adolescents are most likely to fall out of beds without proper railings. Falls can result in minor skin abrasions or bruises, while more serious falls can result in sprains, muscle tears, broken bones, craniocerebral trauma, spinal injuries, and so on. 1, indoor light, flat floor, dry, should not be too smooth, the house is best not to use 2, do not casually place debris. Especially in the stairwell and corridor do not place sundries. 3.The bunk bed must have a strong and reliable railing. 4. Use a sturdy and properly placed ladder when climbing up. 5. Do not look around or be distracted when walking, especially when the ground is slippery or uneven. Care 1, sprains and muscle injuries, to make the injured place to rest, can be used to reduce the pain of cold compresses, in the support of the injured part at the same time can be used to tighten the bandage joints. 2.Fracture: Fractures generally have pain, swelling, deformity, dysfunction and other symptoms, and hemorrhage when the fracture end pierces the blood vessels. Fracture or suspected fracture, to avoid moving the injured or injured limbs, the injured limb to be fixed and support (bleeding to stop bleeding after fixation), so that the casualty in the transportation is not due to the handling, bumps and broken bones puncture blood vessels, nerves, to avoid additional damage, aggravate the condition. 4, craniocerebral trauma: mild concussion, generally no skull fracture, mild headache and dizziness, coma is not more than 30 minutes. Severe skull fracture, cerebral contusion, cerebral hemorrhage, coma. Versus. Craniocerebral planing injury patients, we must fight every second, notify the hospital to come to the timely rescue, to keep quiet in bed, do not make unnecessary moving and checking, keep the airway open. 5, cervical spine injury: fall can cause lumbar, thoracic, cervical spine injury, the latter is the most serious, such as: fall head on the ground can cause cervical vertebrae dislocation, fracture, mostly accompanied by spinal cord injury, quadriplegia. Hospitals must be notified at the first time to come and rescue the injured as soon as possible. On-site first aid, the injured person should be allowed to lie down on the ground or placed on a hard wooden board, filling sandbags on both sides of the neck, so that the cervical spine is in a stable state, to maintain the cervical spine and thoracic vertebrae axis is consistent, do not over-extension and over-flexion or rotation.