1.What is cerebrovascular disease? Cerebrovascular disease mainly refers to various diseases caused by pathological changes in the arterial and (or) venous system of the brain, resulting in impaired blood circulation to the brain and directly affecting brain tissue, resulting in functional disorders or irreversible damage to brain cells. Cerebrovascular diseases can be divided into acute cerebrovascular disease and chronic cerebrovascular disease according to the course of the disease. Chronic cerebrovascular diseases mainly include cerebral atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular dementia, cerebral artery theft syndrome and so on. We often refer to acute cerebrovascular disease, i.e. stroke, in clinical practice. 2. Why is acute cerebrovascular disease also known as stroke? Acute cerebrovascular disease mainly includes transient ischemic attack, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage and other diseases. Acute cerebral hemorrhage is called stroke because of its rapid onset and rapid changes in condition. The main clinical manifestations of acute cerebral hemorrhage are sudden brain dysfunction, such as sudden weakness of one limb, numbness of one side of the body, unfavorable speech and slanting of the mouth, and even sudden collapse and unconsciousness in severe cases. In simple terms, it means that the brain is deprived of blood supply due to the sudden blockage or rupture of blood vessels supplying the brain, making it difficult for the brain to function normally. This disease is called stroke to emphasize that it is a sudden and unpredictable disease, which is described in Chinese medicine as “a stroke followed by a sudden and unpredictable attack of a rock or arrow”. In Western medicine, these diseases are called cerebrovascular accidents and cerebrovascular events to emphasize that these diseases are often sudden, without warning and unexpected. 3.What does stroke rehabilitation mean? Stroke patients often suffer from paralysis of limbs, speech and cognitive impairment. The results of the national “Ninth Five-Year Plan” major scientific research project show that early rehabilitation of cerebrovascular disease can prevent the emergence of pathological motor patterns, restore normal motor function, and improve the cure rate and quality of life. Stroke rehabilitation is to take all measures to prevent the occurrence of disability and reduce its effects, so that the patient can return to normal social activities. The aim is to prevent complications, reduce sequelae, adjust psychological status, promote functional recovery, and fully participate in functions in order to strive for self-care and return to society. The training principle is to suppress the abnormal and primitive reflexes, improve the motor pattern, and rebuild the normal motor pattern, followed by strengthening the weaker strength training. 4.What are the common forms of rehabilitation training for stroke? Common rehabilitation training methods: exercise therapy, physical therapy, occupational therapy, schedule life movement training, speech and swallowing function therapy, cognitive function training, psychotherapy, orthopedic brace use, etc. (1) Exercise therapy: mainly includes practice of turning over → sitting → sitting balance → standing → standing balance → walking → walking up and down stairs, etc. (2) Physical therapy: mainly refers to the use of sound, light, electricity, magnetic heat and other physical factors to promote recovery. (3) Occupational therapy: mainly refers to the use of tools/equipment for training in the form of activities such as life, work or productive labor, leisure games, social interaction, etc. Most of them refer to the promotion of fine motor recovery with various tools such as rollers, emery boards, pegboards, etc. (4) Motor training for daily living: including dressing and undressing, putting on and taking off shoes and socks, eating, personal hygiene, toileting, etc. (5) Speech therapy: It refers to the training for patients with speech disorders, such as aphasia and dysarthria. If the condition is serious and the training does not achieve the desired effect, the training of non-verbal communication methods can be strengthened, or the purpose can be achieved with the help of alternative speech communication methods. 5.What is the goal of stroke rehabilitation? ① Maintain the flexibility of the affected joint. (2) To train the muscle strength and control of the affected limb. ③Improve abnormal muscle tone. ④Improve movement and coordination of the limbs. ⑤Training the balance ability when standing and walking. ⑥Training the muscle coordination of walking. (7) Mobility training and walker use training. ⑧Training of self-care ability and independent daily activities.