Objective To investigate the relationship between the mechanism of traumatic superficial cerebral vein injury and traumatic cerebral infarction on the prognosis and the effective management measures for traumatic superficial cerebral veins. Methods Among 660 patients admitted with craniocerebral injury, 36 cases had intraoperative confirmed superficial cerebral vein injury. The clinical and imaging data of this group of patients were analyzed. Results Among the 36 cases with superficial cerebral vein injury, 24 cases were combined with skull fracture, and 36 cases were combined with acute subdural or intracerebral hematoma, which were complicated by different degrees of traumatic cerebral infarction. Six months after the injury, the prognosis was better in 10 of the 36 patients and worse in 26 cases. Conclusion The direct injury of skull fracture is the main cause of superficial cerebral vein injury, and superficial cerebral vein injury is an important cause of traumatic cerebral infarction, and the prognosis of patients with cranial brisket injury combined with superficial cerebral vein injury is poor and the death rate is high. Intraoperative protection of the damaged superficial cerebral veins and adequate decompression around the damaged veins, as well as postoperative prevention of venous embolism and vasospasm are effective measures to improve the prognosis of such patients.