Hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBS) are protective antibodies; a positive test indicates immunity to hepatitis B virus (HBV), while a negative test indicates no immunity to HBV. Hepatitis B surface antibody begins to appear in the late stage of acute infection, some time after the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) turns negative, and gradually rises to a peak within 6 to 12 months, which can last for many years, but the titer will gradually decrease; in about half of the cases, hepatitis B surface antibody can be detected several months after the hepatitis B surface antigen turns negative; in a few cases, hepatitis B surface antibody is never produced after the hepatitis B surface antigen turns negative. Positive hepatitis B surface antibodies indicate immunity to the hepatitis B virus and are seen in recovery from hepatitis B, previous infection and after hepatitis B vaccination; negative is in addition to positive-positive cases. In layman’s terms, hepatitis B surface antibody is a favorable thing, if the five hepatitis B tests, hepatitis B surface antibody negative, several other items are also negative indicates that it is normal, just the patient’s body is no antibody exists, easy to be infected by hepatitis B patients. Therefore, for people who are negative for hepatitis B surface antibody, it means that they have not been infected with hepatitis B virus, nor have they been vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine, or they have been vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine but have not stimulated the body to produce antibodies, which requires timely vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine to prevent hepatitis B virus infection.