Currently, the incidence of lung cancer has taken the first place among malignant tumors; with the development of the aging trend of China’s population, there will be more and more elderly patients who cannot tolerate surgical treatment; meanwhile, lung is also the most common metastatic site of malignant tumors. Lung cancer treatment has long included surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, among which the most effective method is surgical resection first, and then comprehensive treatment measures are taken according to specific conditions. However, the current status of lung cancer treatment is due to many reasons, such as: many patients lost the opportunity of surgery due to late detection of tumor; patients with poor physical condition cannot tolerate surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy; tumor cells are not sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and the treatment effect of conventional methods is poor, resulting in poor overall treatment effect of lung cancer and low quality of life and long-term survival rate of patients. Radiofrequency thermal ablation is a kind of minimally invasive in situ tumor treatment technology, which is a new technology of minimally invasive treatment for solid tumors emerging in recent years and is regarded as a green treatment technology by domestic and foreign experts. The concept of ablation may sound rusty to you, but it is a term that appeared only in the last decade. The so-called “ablation” means elimination, which can be interpreted as destroying, eliminating or inactivating the tumor, or called de-functionalization, that is, making the cancer cells lose their functions. The so-called “melting” means dissolving and then absorbing. Therefore, RF ablation is to destroy the tumor by means of RF technology. After the ablation electrode is pierced into the tumor, the RF ablation instrument will conduct the RF pulse energy into the tumor tissue, so that the polar molecules in the tissue will be in a state of excitation, which will cause high speed oscillation, impact and friction with each other, and convert the RF energy into heat energy. Medical research confirms that local heating to 39-40℃ can cause cancer tissue to stop dividing; up to 41-42℃ can cause damage to DNA of tumor cells; when its surrounding cells are heated to 45-50℃, intracellular protein denaturation, lipid layer dissolution, cell membrane is destroyed, and tissue cells coagulation necrosis; when heat reaches 80-90℃, it can effectively kill local tumor cells quickly, and at the same time It can make the vascular tissue around the tumor coagulate to form a reaction zone, so that it cannot continue to supply blood to the tumor and help prevent tumor metastasis. Radiofrequency ablation is a simple, efficient and economical method to treat malignant tumors by heating with high-tech means. Radiofrequency ablation transmits radiofrequency current directly to cancer cells, heating only the tumor and not affecting the surrounding normal tissues. Cancer is like an egg, the egg lays a chicken and the chicken lays an egg, a vicious cycle, but once the egg is cooked it can never hatch a chick again. The same is true for cancer cells. Advantages of radiofrequency tumor ablation ① Compared with radiotherapy and chemotherapy (some tumor cells are not all sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy), all tumor cells are sensitive to high temperature, and the efficiency is 100%; ② After inactivating tumor tissues with heat, the dead tissues will be gradually absorbed and dissolved through the immune function and swallowing function of the body, and the immune cells of the body will be activated in this process, thus improving the immune function of the body; ③ Radiofrequency ablation needle is slim, the diameter of outer sheath is only 2mm, which causes very light trauma, minimal pain and complications. The efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is improved. In 2000, Dupuy reported 3 cases of percutaneous RFA for lung malignancies, which opened the prelude of RF application in human body for lung cancer treatment. 2009, at the 45th American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the 13th World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC), lung cancer researchers from the United States, Europe, Japan and China reported on RFA treatment. The clinical outcomes of RFA for inoperable early-stage lung cancer were encouraging. Professors Cackler and Abbas of the Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, USA, wrote a paper entitled RFA as an effective alternative to lobectomy in the first issue of JAAPA 2009, suggesting that RFA is an effective treatment for early inoperable lung cancer, especially for tumors <5 cm. 2011 World Congress of Interventional Oncology was held in New York, USA (June 9-12), where it was agreed that image-guided minimally invasive interventional treatment for tumors has become the fourth most effective treatment in addition to traditional surgery, external radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and even the only effective treatment for some cancers. The above concept has been gradually accepted by oncologists at home and abroad. Indications of radiofrequency ablation for lung cancer treatment: (1) Patients with peripheral lung cancer who cannot or do not want to operate due to poor heart and lung function or advanced age; (2) Patients with recurrence of tumor after lung cancer surgery; (3) Patients who have failed in radiotherapy and chemotherapy; (4) Patients with lung metastasis from other parts of tumor. Finally, we need to emphasize that radiofrequency ablation is not a panacea, it only provides a new treatment means for lung cancer treatment, and it is only one of the means of comprehensive lung cancer treatment. The treatment of lung cancer should not be too superstitiously based on a single treatment method. At this stage, the treatment principle of all tumors should still emphasize comprehensive treatment.