Strabismus is a condition in which the eyes are not positioned correctly and both eyes cannot look at the target at the same time. Strabismus is caused by abnormal development of the extraocular muscles, resulting in an imbalance between regulation and aggregation forces and incomplete central fusion function, which causes the eyes to spread apart or aggregate out of control. In the formation of strabismus, the role of regulation and aggregation is one of the important factors. Under normal conditions, when both eyes look at distant objects, the lens of both eyes is flattened, the visual axis of both eyes is parallel and forward, and the objects are imaged on the retina. At this time, there is no regulation, and the visual axis of both eyes is parallel to each other and there is no pooling effect. However, when looking at a near target, in order to focus the object image on the retina to form a clear image, the lens of both eyes should increase the convexity and refractive power by contracting the ciliary muscle, and at the same time, both eyes turn inward to keep both eyes looking at the same target, this phenomenon of increasing refractive power with the lens and the appearance of binocular cohesion is called regulation of the pooling effect. In this way, children with hyperopia need to pay a higher degree of adjustment than normal in order to see objects clearly, and at the same time, excessive pooling is produced, and the affected eyes gradually deviate inward over time to form internal strabismus. In contrast, nearsighted children need less adjustment, which leads to insufficient pooling, and the eyes gradually deviate outward over time to form exotropia. In infants and toddlers, both eyes have a strong collection, and in adults, the collection is weakened, resulting in an exotropia. Most vertical strabismus is accompanied by horizontal strabismus, which is mostly caused by the mild paralysis of the vertical muscle and then transformed over time, and some patients have abnormal anatomy of the vertical muscle. Strabismus not only affects the patient’s vision, but also seriously affects the patient’s image, and even forms a serious blow to the patient’s self-confidence. The most important thing in treating strabismus is to find the right cause and receive timely treatment.