The precautions for microscopic varicocele surgery are divided into two phases: intraoperative and postoperative. During the operation, attention is paid to the protection of the vas deferens and blood vessels, and after the operation, attention is paid to nursing. 1. During surgery: microscopic varicocele surgery is aseptic surgery, which requires strict implementation of aseptic operation to avoid cross-infection; during surgery, it is necessary to distinguish between the vas deferens and spermatic artery to avoid injury. 2. After surgery: After microscopic varicocele surgery, we should closely monitor the vital signs of the patient to avoid hematoma of the wound, and keep the wound clean and hygienic to avoid infection. At the same time, pay attention to a light diet, adequate rest, quit smoking and drinking, and regular review. It is recommended that patients go to a regular hospital to have microscopic varicocele surgery performed by a professional doctor, follow the doctor’s instructions for recovery after surgery, and if there is any abnormality, timely follow-up.