The presence of red blood cells in the urine sediment test suggests the presence of hematuria, which may be seen in physiological factors such as strenuous exercise, etc.; it may also be seen in pathological factors such as urinary tract infections, stones, tumors, renal diseases, such as acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, etc., and systemic diseases, such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, hemophilia, aplastic anemia and so on. 1. Physiological factors: can be seen in strenuous exercise or female menstruation, specimen contamination, usually without special treatment, after removing the causative factors can return to normal. 2. Pathological factors: erythrocytes in urine sediment examination may be due to urinary tract infections, such as acute pyelonephritis, resulting in mucosal congestion and edema, which can cause an increase in erythrocytes in urine. Urinary stones and urinary tumors can also cause mucosal damage bleeding, resulting in red blood cells in the urine. Urine sediment test with red blood cells can also be seen in kidney diseases such as acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and other diseases. In addition, erythrocytes in urine sediment test can also be seen in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, hemophilia, aplastic anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus and other systemic diseases. If you find red blood cells in urine sediment test, we recommend that patients go to the hospital in time, after clarifying the cause of the disease, under the guidance of the doctor reasonable use of drugs and standardized treatment.