In recent years, arthroscopic treatment of ankle injuries has been more widely used in clinical practice. Compared with traditional surgery, minimally invasive ankle surgery has the advantages of less tissue damage, less postoperative pain, faster recovery, and the ability to perform functional ankle training earlier. Early postoperative rehabilitation helps to reduce local tissue edema and inflammation, accelerate tissue healing, reduce postoperative complications and restore the normal function of the ankle joint. The effects of rehabilitation training on the functional recovery of the ankle joint in patients after ankle arthroscopic debridement and small incision-assisted lateral collateral ligament reconstruction were observed. Patients in both groups were treated with conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and short-wave, pulsed magnetic therapy and millimeter wave therapy after minimally invasive surgery. The rehabilitation treatment group started rehabilitation training in the 1st week after surgery, and the rehabilitation training was divided into 4 stages, each stage was 4 weeks on average. Phase l: braking rehabilitation training: 0 – 4 weeks after surgery, the affected ankle joint was fixed in a postoperative cast or brace. On the lth postoperative day, elevate the affected limb and actively move the toes. The active activities of knee and hip joint were started 1 week after surgery, 10 times each time, 2-3 times daily, and then gradually increased the amount of exercise and performed isometric contraction exercises of gluteus, quadriceps and calf triceps for 5-10 seconds, lO times each time, 2-3 times daily. Perform 150, 30. and 60. straight leg raising exercises for 5 to lo seconds, 10 strokes each time, gradually increasing the amount of exercise, 2-3 times a day, and ice packs for 15-20 min after each treatment. Phase 2: Protective rehab: 4-8 weeks postoperatively go to cast or brace with fixation and wear ankle brace for protection. Continue isometric contraction exercises for quadriceps, gluteus and triceps calf. Perform active and passive ankle movement training within the pain-free range, and gradually increase the range of joint movement later on, avoiding premature and excessive ankle inversion movement training. Six weeks after surgery, weight-bearing exercises were started on the affected limb, starting at 25% and gradually increasing to 50%, 75% and 100%. Phase 3: muscle strength rehabilitation training: 8-12 weeks after surgery, increase the active range of motion training of the ankle joint, complete the maximum range of motion of the ankle joint as far as possible without causing pain, strengthen the resistance training of the gastrocnemius and hallux valgus muscles, tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior and peroneal long and short muscles, muscle strength training should emphasize the principles of high repetition, low load and gradual progress, 30-40 strokes each time, 2-3 times a day. 2-3 times a day. Start ankle proprioceptive training to enhance the stability of the ankle joint. Gait training and posture correction education should be conducted. Phase 4: Motor function recovery training: 12-16 weeks after surgery, continue resistance training for gastrocnemius and hallux valgus, anterior tibialis, posterior tibialis, and peroneus longus and shortus muscles, and gradually increase the resistance, 30 – 40 strokes each time, 3 – 4 times a week, perform standing squat, heel lift and forefoot high standing heel lift training, perform foot flexibility and calf and foot extension training, continue to strengthen ankle joint stability training, and continue to strengthen ankle joint stability training. Ankle joint proprioceptive training and motor ability training were continued. The results showed that at 12 weeks, 16 weeks and 24 weeks after surgery, the ankle function scores of the rehabilitation group improved significantly compared with the control group, and the rehabilitation group was significantly better than the control group. The rehabilitation treatment group was superior to the control group in terms of score and recovery time, indicating that rehabilitation training had a facilitating effect on the recovery of ankle joint function in patients after ankle arthroscopic debridement and small incision-assisted lateral collateral ligament reconstruction of the ankle joint.