I. Overview of arthroscopy: Arthroscopic technology, together with internal fixation of fractures and artificial joint replacement, is known as the three most important advances in orthopedics in the 20th century. Arthroscope is a rod-shaped optical instrument with a diameter of about 5mm to observe the internal structure of joints, and it is an endoscope used for diagnosis and treatment of joint diseases. The arthroscope is inserted into the joint cavity through a very small incision hole, and the lens metal tube with illumination is used to magnify the image on the monitor in the interior of the joint to observe the lesion inside the joint, so it is more accurate than the visual observation after the joint is cut open, and at the same time, from another small incision hole, the instruments for checking or surgery are inserted, and a comprehensive checkup and surgery are carried out under the monitor of the television, which is a high-tech technology that is only developed in the recent years. It is a high technology only developed in recent years. The development history of arthroscopy: Arthroscopy technology originated in Japan at the beginning of the 20th century, and has been greatly developed in the United States and other countries after the 1970s. In the past decades, arthroscopy has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of intra-articular diseases. Arthroscopy allows for a comprehensive view of intra-articular structures, which is more subtle than incision surgery, and many intra-articular structures and lesions can be directly observed and treated. Arthroscopic techniques have been widely accepted and are now standard diagnostic methods and treatment techniques. Arthroscopic technology is an important part of joint surgery, fully embodies the development trend of modern minimally invasive surgery. Advantages of arthroscopic surgery: 1, small incision, beautiful, can avoid the irritation symptoms caused by the scarring of the joint surface and the movement site in the late stage; 2, is a minimally invasive surgery, less painful, less postoperative reaction, the patient is easy to accept; 3, early postoperative activities and use of the limbs, to avoid the complications of long-term bed rest, reduce the number of caregivers and the cost of the operation; 4, relatively fewer complications; 5, does not affect the joints and the surrounding muscle structure, can be early after the operation It basically does not affect the muscle structure around the joints, and can carry out functional exercise at an early stage after the operation to prevent the wastage and complications caused by long-term fixation of the joints; 6. It can observe and inspect the lesions in the joints under nearly physiological environment, which is called “putting eyes and fingers into the joints”, and it can carry out dynamical inspection of the joints, which improves diagnostic ability. 7, arthroscopy can perform the previous open surgery difficult to complete the operation. Fourth, arthroscopic surgery indications: 1, knee: meniscus injury (pain, limited activity, strangulation), cruciate ligament or lateral collateral ligament injury (post-traumatic pain, playing soft legs, can not be strenuous exercise), dislocation of the knee joint and a number of ligament injuries, osteoarthritis (pain while walking), diffuse synovitis (swelling, pain, effusion), rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, patellar dislocation, osteochondral injury, synovial chondromatosis Synovial chondromatosis, synovial crease syndrome, pigmented villous nodular synovitis, septic arthritis (redness, swelling, heat and pain in joints, inability to move), intra-articular fracture, N fossa cysts, stiffness of the knee joint and free body. 2.Shoulder joint: recurrent dislocation of shoulder joint (repeated dislocation or instability of shoulder joint), acromioclavicular impingement syndrome (pain when lifting the arm to a certain degree), rotator cuff injury (weakness and pain when lifting the arm), suprascapular glenoid labral tear (SLAP injury) (shoulder pain when lifting a heavy object), frozen shoulder (shoulder pain with severe limitation of the upper arm activities), calcific tendonitis of rotator cuff (shoulder pain, calcified shadow seen in the X-ray film), acromioclavicular joint Osteoarthritis, dislocation of acromioclavicular joint, fracture of proximal humerus, osteoarthritis of shoulder joint (shoulder pain, degeneration of shoulder joint as seen on X-ray), septic arthritis. 3.Elbow joint: synovitis, free body, persistent tennis elbow (pain in towel wringing and carrying heavy objects), osteoarthritis (pain, activity limitation, joint degeneration on X-ray), elbow stiffness (elbow flexion and extension limitation after trauma and surgery). 4, Hip: Bone grafting or tantalum rod implantation + arthroscopic cleaning in the early stage of femoral head necrosis, hip free body, hip impingement, labral injury: arthroscopic lesion cleaning, synovitis, septic arthritis. Foot and ankle: anterior ankle impingement syndrome, lateral ankle ligament injury and instability, intra-ankle free body, Achilles tendon rupture, talus parietal cartilage injury, subtalar arthritis, traumatic arthritis of the ankle joint. 5. Preparation for arthroscopic perioperative treatment: Before the operation, it is necessary to carry out a full body checkup, there is no serious disease of the important organs of the body, there is no infection such as rosacea and there is no skin breakage, boils, etc., around the knee joint, including the thigh and the calf. There are no skin lesions or boils around the knee, including the thighs and lower legs. Before the surgery, the skin should be washed locally to keep it clean and be prepared psychologically. After anesthesia, under the doctor’s guidance, actively carry out functional exercises for the limbs, such as leg muscle contraction exercises, straight leg raising exercises, and walk on the ground with the doctor’s permission after the recovery of muscle strength, so as to avoid spraining the joints or falling. In most cases, free activities can be resumed after the wound stitches are removed 10 days after the operation (2~3 stitches). You should always consult your doctor for specifics so that you can get the best treatment and recovery. All patients who have undergone arthroscopic surgery should follow up with their surgeon 3 months 6 months and 1 year after surgery. Arthroscopic surgery is performed under local or general anesthesia for the entire procedure and is essentially painless; most surgeries last from 30 minutes to an hour, and you are usually discharged from the hospital 2 to 3 days after the procedure. Most people can return to normal life and light work within 10 days, and can participate in some sports or intense work after four weeks.