Geriatric diabetes mellitus refers to patients with diabetes mellitus aged 60 years or older, some of whom are diagnosed at the onset of old age, that is, after the age of 60 years, and some of whom are diagnosed before the age of 60 years and then enter old age. The characteristics of geriatric diabetes include: 1. high prevalence; 2. atypical symptoms, which are not easily detected; 3. often combined with various metabolic disorders, cardiovascular and neurological complications, and more serious; 4. geriatric diabetes patients generally have poor physical strength; 5. geriatric diabetes patients are prone to hypoglycemia in the process of treatment due to the decline of their own regulatory functions. Due to the above characteristics, elderly diabetic patients should adjust their diet and exercise habits according to their own characteristics in the process of treatment in order to adapt to the changes in their condition. Second, in terms of diet elderly diabetic patients need to comply with some of the following rules: 1. First, we must decide the total caloric intake of food that patients are allowed to consume daily. As the body consumes less in old age, the total amount of calories needed daily is small. Excessive calorie intake can only raise blood sugar. Generally, the total calorie intake is 25kcal per kg of body weight per day. Protein accounts for 15%-20% (200ml of dairy products, one egg, 50-100g of fish, meat or poultry, 50-100g of soybean products); fat accounts for 20%-30% (daily intake of edible oil is limited to 50 (daily oil intake is limited to 50 grams): 50%-65% carbohydrates (daily rice intake is limited to 300 grams). Food diversity is necessary to obtain comprehensive nutrition, should be the main food coarse and fine, meat and vegetarian side dishes, and avoid eating high cholesterol animal offal, fish roe, egg yolk, etc.. 2. Secondly, meal sharing strategy can be adopted. As elderly diabetic patients are often combined with various cardiovascular and neurological complications and are more serious, they are less tolerant to hypoglycemia. In the process of lowering sugar, due to the use of drugs, some patients may have hypoglycemia before the next meal meal. Eat 2/3 of the main meal first, leaving 1/3 to be put into extra meals. For the convenience of consumption, the food can be divided as a whole. For example, for breakfast: 250 ml of milk, 1 hard-boiled egg, 50 grams of oatmeal, you can eat the oatmeal cooked in milk first and then eat the hard-boiled egg at the extra meal. Lunch: rice, vegetables, fish or meat, etc., you can eat less 25 grams of rice at the main meal, and a medium-sized fruit (such as apples, oranges, pears, kiwis, grapefruit, etc.) right after the siesta. Considering that fruits contain about 6% glucose, if patients eat 1-2 medium-sized fruits daily, they need to reduce the main meal by 25 grams. Dinner is the same as lunch. Night time is a good time period for hypoglycemia, and hypoglycemia at night is not easy to detect and is very harmful. Therefore, it is easy to add meals before going to bed, and generally increase milk and other protein-containing foods, and it is not easy to increase carbohydrates. To reduce the occurrence of hypoglycemia at night. 3. When going out, make sure to have sweet food ready in case of hypoglycemia. Third, in the exercise of elderly diabetic patients need to comply with the following rules: elderly diabetic patients because of the combined presence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, the requirements of exercise is different from ordinary diabetic patients. 1, the type of exercise generally requires brisk walking, at least five times a week on a regular basis, at least 30 minutes each time, the best results. Exercise needs to pay attention to the amount of strength, if the heart function can not bear, should be appropriate to reduce the amount of exercise. 2, in the process of exercise must actively prevent hypoglycemia, so try to avoid the strongest role in insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs exercise, choose to participate in exercise after half to one hour, when blood sugar is high, and not easy to hypoglycemia. At the same time, it is best to prepare some snacks when exercising, in case of hypoglycemia can be eaten. Patients who are in a position to self-monitor their blood glucose can have their blood glucose measured once before and after exercise to detect hypoglycemia in time and to understand which form of exercise and what kind of exercise can lower sugar and the degree of sugar reduction. 3, hot summer and cold winter generally do not outdoor exercise. In the hot summer, the temperature is high, and the heat dissipation function of elderly patients is poor, which makes them prone to heat stroke; in the cold winter, the blood vessels contract, which can lead to an increase in blood pressure, and when they enter the hot indoor environment from the cold outdoor environment, the sudden expansion of blood vessels due to the alternation of heat and cold can easily lead to cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, be careful not to go out for exercise in the extremely cold and hot season. When you go out, you should also pay attention to keep warm. In conclusion, elderly diabetic patients should pay attention to all aspects of life, such as diet and exercise, to reduce sugar in a smooth and high-quality manner in order to reduce the occurrence of diabetic complications.