The indications for surgery for benign thyroid nodules include: the presence of local compression symptoms obviously related to the nodule; the combination of hyperthyroidism and the ineffectiveness of medical treatment; the swelling is located in the retrosternum or mediastinum; the nodule grows progressively, and there is a tendency of malignant transformation or the combination of high-risk factors for thyroid cancer in the clinic, and so on. Besides, those who strongly request surgery due to appearance or excessive ideological concerns affecting normal life can be used as relative indications for surgery. Ultrasound is the most important imaging tool for evaluating thyroid nodules. By assessing the morphological features of the nodule, sometimes in combination with its blood supply characteristics, ultrasound helps to determine the nature of the thyroid nodule. Thyroid nodules should be treated under the supervision of a physician.