Eczema is a common inflammatory skin disease of the epidermis and superficial dermis caused by a variety of internal and external factors. It is characterized by intense itching, polymorphic lesions, symmetrical distribution, tendency to exude, chronic course, and tendency to recur. Eczema can occur in any area. It occurs on the head, face, ears, hands, feet, forearms, lower legs and other exposed areas, and its manifestations are continuous and recurrent. Infant eczema usually begins shortly after birth. It occurs on the face and skin folds, but can also affect the whole body. It usually decreases and resolves with age, but in a few cases it continues to progress into childhood and even adulthood. Pediatric eczema is an allergic skin disease in children. Children’s skin development is not yet complete, the outermost epidermis of the stratum corneum is very thin, capillary network is rich, so easy to occur allergic eczema. A, the cause of eczema eczema is the onset of a variety of factors interacting with each other, the main causes of eczema are: 1, genetic factors certain types of eczema and genetics have a close relationship. 2, environmental factors environmental factors are one of the important reasons for the increased prevalence of eczema. Environmental factors are outdoor air, water, soil, pollen, etc. on a large scale. The individual’s living environment on the impact of eczema can not be ignored. 3, infection factors certain eczema and microbial infections related. 4, dietary factors many food can trigger eczema, mainly animal food, also including food additives. 5, drug factors drug factors are some eczema, especially eczema-type drug rash is the most important reason. Generally speaking, any drug has the potential to cause eczema drug rash. 6, other factors sunlight, cold, humidity, dryness and other climatic factors can also be triggered. In addition, parasitic infections as well as metabolic disorders and other factors are also the cause of eczema. Second, diet prevention although the onset of eczema is the result of a variety of factors interacting with each other, but the dietary factors should not be ignored. The food is different for babies of different ages, and the focus of dietary prevention is also different. 1, 0 to 6 months of infants to promote breastfeeding. Breastmilk is the most suitable nutrition for infants. Breast milk, especially colostrum, contains a large amount of immune substances that can enhance the infant’s ability to resist diseases. For infants with allergic tendencies, the risk of asthma, dermatitis and allergy to food is greatly reduced in infants who are breastfed for 6 months or longer. Some mothers, after breastfeeding well, will use breast milk to smear the baby’s face, which is said to have a whitening effect on the skin, which has no strong scientific basis. The baby’s skin is soft and if breast milk enters the baby’s skin and absorbs into the blood, it becomes an allergen instead. So you can’t smear your baby’s face with breast milk. For mixed feeding and artificial feeding infants, choose the right milk substitute, and each time you add a different brand of milk substitute, pay attention to the presence or/and aggravation of any wetness. If possible, you can choose those milk substitutes that are less likely to induce eczema. 2, 6 to 12 months of the infant timely and reasonable complementary food added. Reasonable complementary food added can relieve or reduce the symptoms of eczema and the number of episodes, but unreasonable addition of complementary food, but will aggravate the condition. 3, young children to develop good dietary habits in the premise of a balanced diet, pay attention to the intake of essential fatty acids, you can choose essential fatty acid rich soybean oil and canola oil. The lack of essential fatty acids may induce or aggravate eczema.