Overview of anal fissures Anal fissures are lacerations in the anal area, a chronic condition in which the entire skin of the anal canal is split longitudinally and an infected ulcer is formed. Among anal disorders, it is second only to hemorrhoids in incidence. It can affect both men and women, and is usually found in the front and back of the median line of the anus, and is rare on both sides, with the posterior side of the anus being the most common. The majority of young women aged 20 to 40 years old suffer from hemorrhoids, and due to anatomical factors, it is more common for female patients to be located in the anterior midline. It is characterized by periodic anal pain, bleeding, and constipation. Chinese medicine believes that this disease is mostly related to dampness, heat and stasis, and that the disease is prone to blood deficiency and fluid deficiency, resulting in a loss of intestinal support and constipation. Western medicine believes that the occurrence of this disease is related to anatomical factors such as weak anatomical tissues in front and behind the anus, lack of necessary protection, poor blood supply to local tissues, and insufficient healing ability of the wound. In addition, it is also associated with mechanical injury, inflammatory factors, sphincter spasm, congenital anal stenosis, and other factors.