Hypertension causes vascular lesions, which are mainly reflected in the following three aspects: first, acute blood pressure elevation causes vascular intima damage, and endothelial rupture occurs, causing aortic coarctation, leading to vascular rupture; second, hypertension causes damage to the arterial blood vessel wall, and blood lipids enter under the endothelium, forming atherosclerosis. Long-term hypertension will lead to the progression of atherosclerosis, causing plaque rupture, vascular occlusion, and thrombosis; third, chronic hypertension also causes vitellogenic changes in the middle layer of small arteries, arterial hyperplasia and stenosis, leading to further increase in blood pressure.