Diabetes has become a global public health problem, and we are no strangers to diabetes, and everyone has had some degree of contact with people with diabetes. In China, a survey shows that about 1 in 10 people are diabetic, and about 1 in 7 people have mildly elevated blood sugar, and among these people, women are no more exceptions than men. Then, as women who bear the burden of human reproduction, abnormal blood sugar during pregnancy has a more significant impact on their own health and that of the next generation. There are two main types of diabetes in pregnant women: one is a condition that has already been diagnosed and is now pregnant, a condition known as combined diabetes and pregnancy, which is better understood and currently accounts for a lower percentage of cases. The other condition is that the mother did not have diabetes or did not know she had diabetes before she became pregnant, but her blood glucose was found to be elevated during the pregnancy test, and this condition is classified as a special type of diabetes called “gestational diabetes”. In either case, the mother’s blood glucose control status has a very important impact on herself and her fetus. Nowadays, almost all mothers-to-be are required to undergo “glucose screening” during their prenatal checkups, which means screening for gestational diabetes. Many mothers-to-be ask, “I don’t have diabetes, why do I need to be screened? After getting the results, some mothers-to-be may find that my blood sugar is higher than the normal value. Does that make me diabetic? Will I be a diabetic for the rest of my life? Will it affect the child, will it be passed on to the child, will the child also get diabetes? These are the most common questions asked by gestational diabetes patients and their families. The placenta is the main channel for the fetus to receive nutrients, and the mother’s blood sugar is the only source of energy for the fetus. However, while supporting the fetus, the placenta will produce many hormones, some of which will make the mother-to-be’s body insensitive to insulin and produce the so-called “insulin resistance”. Both her family and herself often take the initiative to eat a lot and gain weight too fast/too high, which further aggravates insulin resistance and further decreases the sensitivity to insulin, gradually the insulin in her own body cannot afford to maintain blood sugar to the normal task, and gradually hyperglycemia appears and becomes gestational diabetes. This condition is becoming more and more common nowadays, and according to a survey, the chance of pregnant women in China having abnormal blood sugar during pregnancy is up to 14%. Whether it is combined diabetes or gestational diabetes, the blood sugar of the mother-to-be has a very important impact on her own health and that of her fetus. As mentioned earlier, the mother’s blood glucose level is the only source of energy for the fetus. Therefore, if the mother maintains a high level of blood sugar for a long time, it means that the fetus also receives high sugar nutrition for a long time, and generally the fetus’s own insulin will convert and utilize the blood sugar well, then this excessive blood sugar will be stored by the fetus and turned into fat, etc. in addition to part of it being used as energy by the fetus, the remaining glucose will be stored by the fetus, and the child will grow too fast/too big and finally become a huge baby, causing Delivery will be difficult, and the child will have a much greater risk of developing diabetes in the future than the average child due to prolonged exposure to the high sugar environment in the womb. In addition, the mother’s high blood sugar level, due to insufficient insulin action, and the heavy burden of energy required to maintain the fetus and herself, therefore, it is easy to fat decomposition to supply energy when the blood sugar supply is not smooth, and too much fat decomposition will lead to ketoacidosis, endangering the life of mother and child; in addition, the chance of obstetric complications such as hyperemesis, eclampsia, excessive amniotic fluid, etc. is much greater than the average mother-to-be, and the fetus occurs In addition, the chances of obstetric complications such as hypertension, eclampsia and excessive amniotic fluid are much higher than those of the average mother-to-be, and the chances of fetal malformation, miscarriage and stillbirth are also higher than those of the general population. Is a woman who discovers diabetes during pregnancy a diabetic for the rest of her life? The answer is no. Since the placenta is a very important organ that affects the role of insulin in the body of the mother-to-be, after delivery, with the delivery of the placenta, many of the hormones produced by the placenta will suddenly withdraw in the mother’s body, so the mother’s need for insulin will also show a rapid decreasing trend, generally, after delivery, the insulin that the mother needs for treatment will decrease day by day until it is not used. However, this does not mean that the mother says goodbye to diabetes. She must have a new glucose tolerance test about 6 weeks after delivery to confirm her blood sugar. Minimize the risk of developing diabetes. If the blood glucose is not completely normal after delivery, or if the glucose tolerance is abnormal at 6 weeks after delivery, you should go to the endocrinology department for further treatment like ordinary patients, but the chance of this is relatively small. So, what should a mother-to-be do when her blood sugar rises during pregnancy? What should be treated and what should I pay attention to in order to maintain blood sugar to the right level while ensuring adequate nutrition for myself and my fetus? First of all, as with all diabetics, diet control and exercise are the foundation. Diabetic patients during pregnancy need to eat less and more meals, which can be divided into three main meals and three side meals, with sufficient protein intake and away from grease; exercise can be 20-30 minutes each time if there are no obstetric complications, and the intensity should be no more than 130 beats per minute. If the blood glucose does not reach the control target after diet and exercise treatment, insulin treatment is needed. During pregnancy and breastfeeding, insulin is the only treatment drug available, and please rest assured that insulin will not enter the fetus through the placenta. As pregnancy progresses, the amount of insulin may need to be gradually increased and adjusted regularly at the diabetes clinic. Throughout pregnancy, blood sugar should be maintained at 3.3-5.6 mmol/L in fasting and around after meals. After delivery, if there are no special circumstances, breastfeeding is recommended. In addition to the benefits of breastfeeding that we are familiar with, for diabetic mothers, breastfeeding can improve insulin resistance of the pancreas and help lower blood sugar, especially for the recovery of glucose metabolism disorders in gestational diabetes. As for newborns, they are already accustomed to higher levels of blood sugar in the mother’s body and may have a transient hypoglycemic reaction when they are separated from the mother after birth, so they should be supplemented with sugar and water in time. Pay attention to pregnancy health care, reasonable diet and exercise, maintain a calm state of mind, while sweetly waiting for the arrival of the baby, to avoid becoming a sweet and greasy “sugar mother”, need the participation and action of every mother-to-be. Pregnant women of advanced age, obese, and those with diabetes in their families are high-risk groups, so they must have their blood glucose tested in early pregnancy, and if there is no abnormality, they should be screened for glucose tolerance at around 24 weeks of pregnancy; for ordinary pregnant women, it is recommended to have “sugar screening” at around 24 weeks. In short, pay attention to prevention, early detection, refuse to “sugar mother”, and raise a healthy and smart baby, is the guarantee of happiness for every family.