As the saying goes, “disease enters through the mouth” and “people eat grains and cereals, which does not grow sick.” Think about it, because our stomach cavity is directly connected to the outside world, eating in the bad things of course the first time to stimulate our stomach. In the past, we treat gastritis, gastric ulcers and other common diseases of the digestive system, often not for the cause of the “headache, the foot to cure” symptomatic treatment. Thirty-five years ago, two Australian scientists identified Helicobacter pylori as one of the main causes of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. Ten years ago, the two Australian scientists who discovered the bacterium won the Nobel Prize in medicine. As a result, treatment for the cause of H. pylori is on the rise and is soon widely recognized by the medical community in Europe, the United States, Asia Pacific and China, and has been written into textbooks. At the same time, the health sector has spent a lot of manpower and financial resources on related research, and has achieved more progress and results. Indeed, the treatment of H. pylori has benefited a large number of patients. For example, the number of patients requiring surgical gastrectomy due to complications such as bleeding peptic ulcers has decreased significantly, while the recurrence rate of ulcer patients and the incidence of gastric cancer have also decreased significantly. In the past, many people’s view that all bleeding ulcers require surgery is gradually changing. As the old saying goes, “What goes around comes around, and what goes around comes around”. In the past 10 years, the overwhelming newspapers, magazines and other print media, television and the Internet and other three-dimensional media, microblogging, WeChat and other self-media are a lot of propaganda H. pylori “full of evil”. This has objectively increased the medical knowledge of the people and has played a positive role. However, some people either do not have the time, or awareness, or the ability to screen the core content, coupled with some commercial medical check-up centers out of interest, the blood test used to screen for H. pylori included in the middle of the routine medical examination. We often see many unrelated infected people with medical checkups, worriedly asking doctors in the hospital, or even calling all members of the family for related tests. We know that the prevalence of H. pylori infection among adults in China is about 60-70%, which means that most Chinese people have it. If all infected people were treated with sterilization, the consequences in terms of wasted financial resources and drug resistance rate would be unimaginable. In the past, there was a similar view abroad that if you were tested and found to have an infection, you needed to be sterilized. But this view is controversial if widely used, even in Europe and North America. Scientists also found an interesting phenomenon: African mothers used to chew before feeding, so the high rate of H. pylori infection in Africa. But the incidence of stomach cancer there is very low in the world, or what scientists call the “African mystery” phenomenon. Now we basically understand that whether a person gets stomach cancer is related to three main aspects, not a single H. pylori infection. The first factor is, of course, H. pylori. If people are infected with less virulent bacteria and you are infected with more virulent bacteria, you are at higher risk. Secondly, whether you have a so-called family susceptibility. For example, if someone in your family has stomach cancer, then you should be careful. Commonly speaking, “flies do not bite seamless eggs”. Thirdly, whether your living environment or lifestyle is healthy, and whether you are at risk of “external invasion” as referred to in Chinese medicine. For example, people like fresh vegetables and fruits, but you like pickled foods too much. The above three aspects are interrelated and one cannot be missing. At present, there are similar opinions on the treatment of H. pylori in different countries around the world. However, no one of them has a medical code that emphasizes sterilization treatment for all infected old people. Most countries consider sterilization to be necessary in the following cases: previous or current gastric and/or duodenal ulcers, regardless of whether you have complications such as bleeding; after surgery for gastric cancer; with lymphoma of the gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; atrophic gastritis; with dyspeptic symptoms; with a member of the immediate family who has gastric cancer; and if the patient requests or is willing to be treated. In other words, for the general population, a breath test after a mere blood test screening and finding out that they are infected with H. pylori and have neither symptoms nor discomfort should not be overly worried at all. Some patients, especially some elderly patients, have mild age-related atrophy and are not at all uncomfortable, and it is really unnecessary to dwell on this repeatedly after several sterilizations have failed under media propaganda. In addition, if you have the above-mentioned situation, sterilization should be 4 drugs together for 14 days, which contains 2 antibiotics try to use the lower resistance rate of amoxicillin, tetracycline, furazolidone (dysentery), as little as possible to use the high resistance rate of metronidazole, clarithromycin, levofloxacin-type drugs. Common sterilization misconceptions are: believe that a sterilization time the longer the better, some patients even continuous medication for 1 to 2 months, but also to say. I do not know that it will only increase the side effects; sterilization can not be a drug or 2 drugs, the current recommendation is to start on 4 drugs, the course of treatment for 14 days. In short, for H. pylori infection, we are not currently not paying attention, but blindly over-emphasize. We should know whether we are infected state, combined with the results of the gastroscopy, so that professional doctors to make a decision whether and how to eradicate, rather than blindly follow the trend, a whole family on a big fight. As such, we are indeed frightened by H. pylori infection.