Many patients who are undergoing HPV treatment wonder, “Why do we need colposcopy when it cannot reveal the virus? Many of you may also wonder, “Colposcopy is a gynecological diagnostic device, why is it necessary to remove HPV? What is colposcopy? Colposcopy is a clinical diagnostic instrument in gynecology. It can detect microscopic lesions that cannot be detected by the naked eye and is used for the diagnosis of various cervical and genital lesions. In the clinic, I often use the analogy that colposcopy is like an extra large magnifying glass, which magnifies the area to be observed about 40 times to detect small lesions that are not visible to the naked eye, or what we often call suspected areas. It provides a basis for early diagnosis of diseases, especially precancerous lesions in the lower genital tract, early cancers and sexual diseases, so that patients can receive effective treatment in advance and the cure rate of diseases can be greatly improved. When doing colposcopy, you only need to open the observation area with a dilator and focus the image head at a distance of about 20 cm to carefully observe the color, vascular structure, morphological structure, etc. of the abnormal area. If necessary, a little bit of cervical tissue can be cut out for pathological examination, that is to say, the area that is highly suspected by the naked eye can be removed and placed under a microscope to see if it is diseased or cancerous. At the same time, a “documentary photo” of the abnormal area can be taken, kept and printed. The biggest advantage of this method is that there is no direct contact with the patient and there is no trauma. The disadvantage is that we can only see the outside but not the lesions inside the cervical canal. Why is colposcopy performed during HPV removal treatment? We know that HPV virus is the causative agent of cervical cancer. However, HPV infection is not a sufficient condition for the causation of cervical cancer; only persistent high-risk HPV infection is the causative agent of cervical cancer. When there is inflammation or lesion of the cervix, the epithelial cells of the skin and mucous membrane are exposed to the basal layer after slight breakage, and the virus will take advantage of the situation, thus prompting the continuous infection of the virus. If the body is in a state of low immunity at this time, the virus gets the opportunity to establish infection and cause disease, leading to the development of malignant lesions. A study has shown that as the severity of cervical lesions increases, the rate of detection of high-risk HPV types gradually increases. In addition, during the treatment process, as the HPV virus is cleared, many patients in the clinic have their cervix gradually regain smoothness from the previous inflammatory state, and the overall environment is improved so that the inflammation disappears. With the improvement of the inflammation problem, some patients’ back pain, acne and nocturnal polyuria have also been relieved. Through colposcopy, some patients can see the effect of HPV removal treatment more visually and also have a clearer understanding of the problems of high-risk HPV infection combined with inflammation. Therefore, colposcopy is a strong guide for HPV clearance treatment and prevention of precancerous lesions.