To figure this out, we first need to understand the metabolism of alcohol in the human body. After alcohol enters the body, it needs to be oxidized and metabolized by two enzymes, firstly, it is oxidized to acetaldehyde by ethanol dehydrogenase, and then it is oxidized and decomposed to water by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. Simply put, cephalosporins inhibit the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in the liver, an enzyme that is important to people who drink, and a high “level” of the enzyme means a strong detoxification function. Once this enzyme is inhibited, the oxidation of alcohol (ethanol) to acetaldehyde in the body cannot continue, resulting in the accumulation of acetaldehyde in the body and causing an acetaldehyde toxic reaction. Clinical studies have found that the reaction usually appears 8 to 10 minutes after drinking, sometimes after only 20 seconds, and even after the slowest one hour, and its severity is directly proportional to the amount of medication and the amount of alcohol consumed. The reaction after intravenous medication will be more rapid and severe than oral medication. The main manifestations are facial fever, flushing, blurred vision, headache, nausea and vomiting, tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, and irritability. For disulfiram reaction symptoms, if they appear quickly, alleviate and disappear quickly, generally rest and adjust to be able to relieve themselves; if there are serious symptoms such as respiratory depression, myocardial infarction, acute heart failure, it is necessary to immediately send to the hospital to receive symptomatic treatment and promote the metabolism and excretion of ethanol as soon as possible, which may lead to shock or even death if not rescued in time. A person with 1 pound of alcohol can have serious problems, including death, after taking a drug that causes a “disulfiram”-like reaction with as little as half a tael. The principle of the “disulfiram” reaction is often used in studies of forcible abstinence drugs. “Disulfiram” is a drug that is not approved for production in China, but is included in the pharmacopoeia of the United States and Japan as a drug to stop drinking. After taking the drug, the body produces alcohol metabolism disorder, the drug user can not dare to dip a little alcohol, otherwise the body will appear flushed, headache, rapid heartbeat and other similar “alcoholism” performance, is intended to make very able to drink people, after eating this drug, suddenly self-perception of alcohol decline, if forced to drink, then If you force yourself to drink, you will become “drunk” or even “poisoned”. Among the commonly used drugs containing disulfiram-like structures are: cephalosporins [cefoperazone, cefoperazone sulbactam, ceftriaxone, cefadroxil (Pioneer IV), cefazolin (Pioneer V), cefradil (Pioneer VI), cefmetazole, cefminox, cephalosporin, cefmenoxime, cefamandole, cefaclor, etc.], among which cefoperazone has been reported to cause disulfiram-like reactions most frequently and most The most sensitive, such as patients after the use of eating wine heart chocolate, taking patchouli water, or even just using alcohol to treat the skin can also occur disulfiram-like reactions; nitroimidazoles [such as metronidazole (methotrexate), tinidazole, ornidazole, Secnidazole], furans [such as furantoin, furazolidone (dysentery), furacillin, chloramphenicol, ketoconazole, ashwagandha]; sulfonamides [sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs (such as chlorosulfonylurea, methanesulfonylurea) promethazine, toluenosulfonylurea), warfarin]; tricyclic psychotropic drugs (such as chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine), tolazurin, insulin, isoniazid, nitroglycerin, cardiac pain, benadryl, barbiturates and other drugs can also produce different degrees of adverse reactions when interacting with alcohol. Generally, when applying the above drugs, alcohol should not be consumed within one week of stopping the drug. The route of administration is also not related to the appearance of reactions, intravenous drugs, oral drugs also appear reactions. The most important manifestations are chest tightness, breath-holding, palpitations, nausea and vomiting. At present, the main drug for the treatment of sulfur-like reactions to alcohol withdrawal, in addition to symptomatic treatment, is naloxone, which can significantly shorten the reaction time. If you have recently applied cephalosporin antibiotics and metronidazole drugs, whether it is liquor, beer, wine, all alcoholic beverages and drinks containing alcohol, regardless of their content, should be closed. If you have friends or relatives with the above symptoms after drinking alcohol, ask them if they have taken the above drugs recently, and take the initiative to tell the doctor when you go to the doctor, so as not to delay the rescue time. Therefore, in order to avoid the occurrence of disulfiram-like reactions, alcohol should be avoided during the use of cephalosporins and within a week of stopping them. In addition to not drinking alcohol, you should also avoid taking drugs containing ethanol (such as patchouli, syrup for nourishing Yin and clearing lungs, etc.), foods (such as flavoring agents, fermented vinegar, chocolate with wine heart, etc.) and supplements (such as ginseng and royal jelly). If you can’t figure it out, don’t drink after using medicine and don’t use medicine after drinking!