The test indicators of semen include volume, color and pH, as well as sperm count and viability. 1. Semen volume: the normal reference range is 1.5~6mL, if less than 1.5mL, there may be insufficient androgen secretion, reproductive system infection, retrograde ejaculation and other conditions. If more than 6mL, there may be hypergonadism and other pathologies. 2. semen color: normal semen color is milky white or off-white, if yellow pus-like, may be due to prostatitis or vesiculitis and other diseases, if red, may be due to stones, tumors and other diseases. 3. Semen pH: under normal circumstances, it should be between 7.2 and 8.0. If it is lower than 7.2, it may suggest the existence of vas deferens obstruction, congenital seminal vesicle gland and other diseases. If it is higher than 8.0, it may suggest the existence of vesicoureteral adenitis, epididymitis and other diseases. 4. Sperm count: the normal reference range is sperm concentration ≥20*10^9; total sperm count ≥40*10^6. If the sperm count is too low, it may indicate the presence of varicocele and testicular diseases. 5. Sperm viability: under normal conditions, sperm viability ≥58%. If the sperm viability is too low, it is suspected that there may be diseases such as inflammation of the accessory sex glands or epididymitis. In conclusion, semen testing is mainly used to diagnose or identify diseases related to the male reproductive system. If the result is abnormal, it is necessary to cooperate with the doctor to complete other tests to clarify the specific cause.