Cataract surgery is not a new thing today, and thanks to advanced medical technology, cataract patients have become less fearful of cataracts. Cataract is a clouding of the lens that affects vision and has a slow course. The initial symptoms are vision loss, refractive changes, overlapping of vision, and decreased contrast sensitivity in bright light. What are the initial symptoms of cataract? Let’s take a look. 1. Monocular hyperopia The initial symptoms of cataract: monocular hyperopia. In the early stage of cataract, the lens is partially cloudy and partially transparent, and the object image projected onto the retina by light through it will produce double or multiple shadows. At the early stage of cataract, the lens swells due to absorbing more water, and the epithelial cell gap increases and fills with particulate water droplets, through which light will be refracted and present colored halo, commonly known as iris vision. 3.Blurred vision The initial symptoms of cataract: blurred vision, gradually blurred vision, sometimes you may feel that there is an aperture around the light and the color of the object is not bright enough. If you are driving at night, you may feel uncomfortable or irritated by the headlights of cars coming from the opposite direction. Generally speaking, however, the progression of symptoms is quite slow and depends on the location of the most cloudy lens and its progression. Some elderly people usually need to wear presbyopic glasses to read books and newspapers, but suddenly they find that they do not need to wear presbyopic glasses to see clearly, and some of them are very happy. This is one of the early symptoms of cataract. If the lens clouding starts in the central part first, when the light is strong and the pupil is narrowed during the day, the light is blocked from entering the eye, thus day blindness appears; if the lens clouding is located in the peripheral part, the dark light is blocked from entering the equatorial retina at night, and the rod-shaped optic cells in the equatorial retina are specialized in liquid vision, thus liquid blindness will appear. 6, dark shadow in front of the eyes The initial symptoms of cataract: dark shadow in front of the eyes. In the early stage of cataract, the partial clouding of the lens is located in the pupil area, and a dotted or lamellar shadow with fixed position and constant shape can appear in front of the eyes. It is different from the flying mosquito caused by vitreous opacity, the latter’s dark shadow is movable, although the scope of activity is not large, but sometimes hidden and variable in shape. How to prevent cataract 1, can wear sunglasses when going out. Long-term exposure of the eyes to sunlight is a common cause of cataracts. To avoid this, people can wear sunglasses when they go out to protect themselves from the sun’s rays. Sunglasses with tawny lenses are most effective in protecting against the sun’s rays. In addition, some poor eyesight, not convenient to wear sunglasses for the elderly can wear a hat with a large edge when going out, which can also prevent direct sunlight on the eyes. 2. Prevent dehydration. Dehydration is one of the main causes of age-related cataracts. Therefore, once elderly people – especially those with early cataracts – encounter dehydration such as diarrhea, vomiting or sweating under high temperature conditions, they should be rehydrated in time to prevent or delay the occurrence of cataracts. The liquid should be plain water or light tea water. 3, middle-aged and elderly people should take more products and foods containing antioxidants and eat more foods rich in vitamin C. Vitamin C is the main nutrient to maintain various functions of human eyes. The amount of vitamin C in the human eye is 30 times higher than the amount of vitamin C in the human blood. As the elderly grow older, absorption and metabolic functions will gradually decline, which will lead to a significant decline in the content of vitamin C in their eyes, which can cause lens degeneration over time, leading to cataracts. Therefore, eating more foods rich in vitamin C can effectively prevent cataracts. Vitamin C-rich foods include spinach, string beans, cabbage, cabbage, apples, oranges, mandarin oranges, grapefruit and other vegetables and fruits. At the same time, the elderly can also prevent cataracts if they take appropriate supplements of glutathione, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin E and selenium. In addition, early cataract patients can take 100 to 200 mg of vitamin C tablets daily, which can effectively inhibit or delay the growth of cataract. 4.Reduce the time of reading, writing and watching TV, and don’t overwork your eyes. 5, to control blood sugar. Diabetes is a common disease among the elderly. And cataract is a common complication of diabetes. Therefore, once a diabetic patient appears to see distant objects very clearly. If you can’t see near objects clearly, or if you can see near objects clearly but not far objects clearly, you should go to the hospital to check your blood sugar and eyes in time to prevent cataracts from happening.