A. Etiology: Most of them are related to wearing narrow shoes with pointed toes, improper nail cutting, biting fingertips, pulling “inverted skin prick” and trauma. The nail edge is red, swollen, hot and painful, with pus overflowing from the nail edge, pus accumulating under the nail, and purulent dactylitis. Treatment: 1. Early onset nail fungus (only localized redness, swelling, heat and pain): 75% alcohol soak or 1% glutaraldehyde, topical gold paste or iodine. 2, purulent nail furuncle: incision and drainage of pus + external application of gold ointment or antibacterial solution soaking change. 3.Pus accumulation under the nail: rinse the wound with 3% hydrogen peroxide and saline after nail extraction, plus antibacterial gauze dressing. 4, ingrown nail nail infection: all need to be treated surgically, there are more surgical methods, now introduced one by one ① full nail extraction: this method is more classical, the nail is removed after nerve block anesthesia by the root of the finger, then change the medication every other day, recovery time is long, more painful, more exudation, recurrence rate up to 60 ~ 80%. ② debridement method (trimming method): after nerve block anesthesia, the affected side of the toenail is removed 3mm up to the nail root, and the proximal inner corner of the toenail is removed and scraped clean of the inflammatory granulation, cleaned with 3% hydrogen peroxide and then a 0.2% Levanon gauze is applied. Advantages: slight postoperative pain and little blood leakage. After nerve block anesthesia, an oblique incision is made at the junction of the lateral nail and posterior crease on the affected side at an angle of 45 degrees to the extension of the posterior crease, the incision is about 0.6 cm long, the nail plate is cut longitudinally at 0.3 cm from the lateral nail crease on the affected side to reach the nail root, part of the nail plate is pulled out, the crease flap is lifted, the silvery white nail cells of the ingrown nail are exposed, the inflammatory granulation and necrotic tissue are excised with a sharp knife and scraped away. Rinse with 3% hydrogen peroxide and saline and dress with petroleum jelly gauze. ④ Narrowing the nail root, wedge-shaped excision of the posterior nail fold: after nerve block anesthesia, separate the lateral edge of the nail from the nail bed with one foot of toothless forceps, cut off the nail plate from the anterior edge of the nail to the nail root with sharp scissors, and when it reaches the nail angle, wedge-shaped excision of a small piece (about 3x2mm2) of the nail epithelium and the top of the nail fold that continues after it, pull out the edge of the nail plate, open the pus cavity, and scrape off the nail matrix under the notch with a knife, leaving no debris to The nail root is narrowed and the nail is cut and drained. After the operation, the nail was rinsed with 3% hydrogen peroxide and saline, and then 0.5% iodophor cotton balls were inserted into the nail groove and removed the next day. ⑤ Partial nail extraction with carbolic acid cautery: after nerve block anesthesia of the nail root, a longitudinal incision is made on the nail surface, the affected 1/5~1/4 toe nail plate is extracted, the granulation and necrotic tissue are cut out, the nail bed or granulation wound is destroyed by cautery with 10% liquid carbolic acid, alcohol and saline cotton balls are swabbed in turn, and finally petroleum jelly gauze is wrapped. CO2 laser treatment: after nerve block anesthesia, vaporize and char the affected nail granuloma and the 1/4 nail bed on the diseased side with CO2 laser, while charring, use chlorhexidine cotton balls to clean the charcoal, so that the local coagulation and crusting, and wrap with Bactrim ointment and change the medication every day. For those with obvious perinail inflammation or pus accumulation under the nail, the affected nail should be removed first, and then the CO2 laser machine should be started. Advantages: less painful and no bleeding during the procedure. (7) High-efficiency electronic treatment machine: Remove the affected nail root, which is the basis for the formation of the hooked nail edge, while inactivating the drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by instant high temperature. (⑧) Nail groove shaping: Recurrent nail infections are mostly recurrent due to deep nail grooves that tend to accumulate dirt and are difficult to clean, and nail growth that presses on the skin. After nerve block anesthesia, 2 arcs are made in the area 0.5~1cm from the nail edge with opposite tips, the spacing between the incisions is slightly greater than the height difference between the nail surface and the nail fold, the length does not exceed the nail groove is appropriate, and the second cut is “V” shaped, the incisions are closed with small stitches, the opposite side of the nail wall is treated in the same way, the stitches are removed 7~9 days after surgery. The lateral finger artery should be avoided. Prevention: Avoid pulling “inverted prick”, biting nails and trimming nails too short, avoiding finger trauma, and wearing loose shoes is recommended. V. Causes of recurrence: ingrown nail, poor drainage, fungal infection.