Anal fissure can occur at any age and is a deep and full skin fissure below the dentate line of the anal canal, mostly located at the posterior midline of the anal canal. A. Causes of pediatric anal fissures There are many factors that cause pediatric anal fissures, as follows: 1. anatomical factors: the shallow part of the baby’s anal sphincter forms the anal tail ligament at the back of the anus, which is harder and less stretchable, and the back of the anus is under greater pressure, so it is easily damaged to form anal fissures; 2. trauma factors: when constipation is dry and hard, excessive force during defecation can easily damage the skin of the anal canal, and repeated injury makes the fissure deep and full 3, infection factors: if the baby suffers from other anal canal diseases, such as anal sinusitis, the affected area spreads downward and causes a subcutaneous abscess to break down and become a chronic ulcer, which is also a cause of anal fissure. Second, how to determine whether the baby is anal fissure baby anal fissure can be identified according to the symptoms, but also according to rectal diagnosis and endoscopy to confirm the diagnosis. If your baby has anal pain and blood in the stool, or has difficulty squatting or sitting, you should consider the presence of anal fissure. For anal fissures that are difficult to diagnose, rectal examinations and anoscopy can be performed as appropriate to confirm the diagnosis. In addition, for chronic ulcers located in the lateral position, biopsy can be performed for differential diagnosis with tuberculosis and Crohn’s disease. The treatment of pediatric anal fissures is as follows: 1. General treatment: children can take oral cord laxative or paraffin oil, or increase the high dietary fiber food, gradually correct constipation, before and after defecation can be used 1:5000 warm potassium permanganate coating sitz bath to maintain local cleanliness; 2. Surgical treatment: if the child’s anal fissure is serious, if necessary, need to take the anal canal dilatation surgery, but will recur, and can be complicated by anal hematoma, bleeding, a short period of anal incontinence and other adverse reactions. The prevention methods of pediatric anal fissures are as follows: 1) a balanced diet, more water, balanced intake of grains, fruits and vegetables; 2) training the baby to develop the habit of regular bowel movements; 3) ensuring that the baby has a certain amount of daily activity.