The road of growth is always full of unknown variables, and many diseases appear unnoticed, such as dwarfism. Although this disease is not life-threatening, there are too many social problems caused by short stature, and “short people” face unimaginable difficulties in school, employment and marriage. According to the statistics of the Endocrine Genetic Metabolism Group of the Pediatric Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the prevalence of dwarfism in children in China is about 3%, and the total number of dwarf children aged 4-15 years old is about 7 million, but at present, less than 30,000 patients receive reasonable treatment every year, and the treatment rate is less than 1%. The survey shows that 97% of parents of short teenagers do not know that their children’s short stature is caused by certain diseases and mistakenly believe that their children are late growing or genetic factors; only 1.6% of parents know that there is a possibility of suffering from diseases; 41.9% of parents lack medical knowledge during their children’s growth; 32.3% of parents do not think that short stature is a disease and will grow taller in the future; 16.1% of parents blindly believe in calcium supplementation and height increase advertisements and buy height increase or health drugs for their children. The percentage of parents who do not pay attention to their children’s height and do not give them regular check-ups is 12.9%; the percentage of parents who do not know the average height value of their children at each age is 56.9%. These parents’ wrong or ignorant concepts and practices lead to miss the best treatment time for their children, leaving them with irreparable lifelong regrets. What are the causes of childhood dwarfism, how can parents know that their children are “short” at an early stage, and what conditions need to be examined in the hospital and what kind of examination and treatment should be done? What is dwarfism in children? Dwarfism is a condition in which the height of an individual of the same race, sex, and age is less than 2 standard deviations (-2sd) or less than the 3rd percentile (-1.88sd) of the average height of the normal population in a similar living environment, some of which are normal physiological variants. There is also an easy way to find out if a child’s average growth rate is less than 4-5 cm per year, then he or she may be short. There are many factors that can lead to short stature, and they are divided into two main categories: disease dwarfism and non-disease dwarfism. The difference between the height of these children and their peers gradually increases with age, but because of normal intelligence, normal academic performance and no obvious clinical manifestations, they fail to attract the attention of parents and teachers. In contrast, non-disease short stature, such as idiopathic short stature, familial short stature, intrauterine growth retardation with persistent short stature after birth, etc., the common feature of these children is that they are often short at birth, but their growth rate is normal and their height is always lower than normal. For proper diagnosis, appropriate clinical observations and laboratory tests must be performed on children with growth retardation. According to experts, most patients with dwarfism can grow taller through medication, and the key is to find out the cause of dwarfism and carry out targeted treatment. For example, if hypothyroidism causes dwarfism, it can be treated with thyroxine; for growth hormone deficiency, it should be treated with growth hormone supplementation; other dwarfism caused by non-growth hormone deficiency such as tumer syndrome, chronic renal failure and intrauterine growth retardation can be treated with growth hormone with obvious effect. Experts remind that the prime time to treat dwarfism is from 4 to 11 years old, and as long as scientific treatment is given, it is still possible to develop and grow to a height close to normal. In addition, dwarfism caused by precocious puberty should be taken seriously. One of the direct consequences of precocious puberty is that the epiphysis may close early, resulting in an unsatisfactory final height in adulthood. But the growth period is definitely over early, and when parents find that their children are not growing, the child’s bone age is already fully mature and the epiphysis is completely closed, so it is too late to increase height. The professor suggests that parents should pay close attention to their children’s height, and the following three methods can help parents find out whether their children’s height is abnormal at an early stage: &1. Standard data method: According to the medical regulations for height at each age, the child’s height should be measured, and then compared with the standard data to see if it is within the normal range, and to monitor whether the child’s height growth is normal at each age. If the child is shorter than other children in a period of time, it means that the child’s development is abnormal. This method is especially important for parents who have fewer children. For example, if you can’t meet with your child for a while and suddenly see your child and find no change in height, you should immediately ask and pay attention to your child’s development. &3, bone age test method: bone age is the basis for accurately judging the development of a child’s height. In a normal child, the development of bone age and age are synchronized. However, in children with dwarfism, the bone age development is either earlier or later than the age. Therefore, regular bone age testing of children is a safe and reliable method of monitoring.