Melasma is the most widely harmful to women. Melasma is mainly caused by female endocrine disorders, mental stress, various diseases (liver and kidney insufficiency, gynecological diseases, diabetes), as well as the lack of vitamins in the body and the stimulation of topical chemical drugs. For chloasma on skin, the main approach is to combine prevention and treatment. Regulating the female endocrine environment, keeping a relaxed mood and actively preventing gynecological diseases are the effective means to prevent melasma. 1. Sun protection. Because pigmentation is most afraid of sunlight. Sunlight exposure or excessive exposure to X-rays and ultraviolet rays can promote pigmentation and aggravate it. Even fluorescent lamps for indoor lighting can aggravate pigmentation by stimulating ultraviolet rays, so it can be considered that pigmentation is a kind of physical damage skin disease. Sunlight can increase melanin activity, resulting in the increase of melanin content in the basal layer of epidermis and the formation of pigmentation. In summer, with sufficient sunlight, pigmentation activity is frequent, the number of spots increases, the color deepens and the damage becomes bigger; in winter, with less sunlight, the number of spots decreases, the color becomes lighter and the damage shrinks. It can be seen that sunlight is a necessary factor for the occurrence of pigmentation, so patients should try to avoid prolonged sunlight, especially in summer; 2. This includes various kinds of glass-cased displays, fluorescent lamps, X-ray machines, ultraviolet irradiators and so on. These undesirable stimuli can produce similar consequences as strong sunlight irradiation, and even greater damage than sunlight irradiation, which results in the aggravation of pigmentation; 3. Including freezing, laser, electric ion, strong acid and strong alkali and other corrosive substances, otherwise it is easy to cause disfigurement; 4.Forbid to use “quick-acting spot removal cream” containing hormone, lead, mercury and other harmful substances; 5. Quit bad habits. Such as smoking, drinking, staying up late, etc.; 6. Drink more water, eat more vegetables and fruits. Such as tomatoes, cucumbers, strawberries, peaches, etc.; 7. Pay attention to rest and ensure sufficient sleep. Sleep deprivation is prone to dark circles under the eyes, the skin becomes gray and black; 8, maintain a good mood. The spirit is good skin, bad mood will have the opposite effect; 9, avoid stimulating food. Stimulating food is easy to make the skin aging, especially coffee, cola, strong tea, cigarettes, wine, etc.. The more you eat, the faster the aging will be, resulting in melanin molecules floating on the surface of the skin, making dark spots expand and darken.