With the windy and cooling temperatures for several days in a row, the number of heart patients who come to our hospital with angina pectoris, abnormal heart rhythm, myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death due to cold has increased. From the viewpoint of cardiology (external) clinics throughout the year, cold winter is the high incidence of coronary heart disease, and the mortality rate is higher than that of summer, which is the highest mortality season of the year.
1.Why is winter the high incidence season of hypertension?
Winter temperature is low, blood vessels contract in the cold, contraction of blood circulation resistance increases, the heart load increases, which can cause an increase in blood pressure, blood pressure increase can cause, angina pectoris aggravated. Myocardial infarction. Cerebral infarction and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.
2, why winter is the high incidence of coronary heart disease season?
Patients with coronary heart disease stimulated by cold will make the blood pressure rise, heart rate accelerates, heart oxygen consumption increases, however, there are lesions in the coronary arteries can not be timely corresponding to increase the blood supply to the heart; In addition, the mouth and nose inhalation of cold air can also reflexively cause the coronary arteries to contract, the heart blood supply is reduced. Both of these aspects can contribute to the aggravation of myocardial ischemia and induce angina pectoris.
If myocardial ischemia is very serious or lasts for a long time, myocardial necrosis occurs, which is acute myocardial infarction. In addition, the cold may also affect the function of platelets, making its viscosity increased, easy to form arterial thrombosis.
3, coronary heart disease patients pay attention to those in winter?
Therefore, coronary heart patients should take precautions to avoid deterioration of their condition when the cold suddenly drops and gusts of wind gather. Specific measures are.
(1) pay attention to keep warm, it is best to wear a mask when going out to prevent cold air stimulation: (2) avoid walking into the wind.
(2) Avoid walking against the wind;
(3) Avoid fatigue, stress and excitement;
(4) Avoid other triggers of coronary heart disease, such as smoking, full meals, etc;
(5) Adhere to the standard drug treatment.
4.What are the effects of temperature change on patients with coronary heart disease?
(1) The reason for the high incidence of coronary heart disease in winter is that cardiovascular is very sensitive to temperature changes, as the temperature drops in winter, the cold stimulates vasoconstriction, increasing blood viscosity, reducing blood flow, increasing oxygen consumption, resulting in myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, inducing angina pectoris and even myocardial infarction;
(2) Some patients with coronary heart disease also suffer from chronic diseases such as hypertension, blood pressure will fluctuate in the case of large changes in temperature, blood pressure increases the oxygen consumption of the myocardium, which can easily lead to angina symptoms;
(3) In addition, the cold weather in winter reduces the amount of exercise and sweating, making the intake and metabolism of human lipids out of proportion, increasing blood viscosity and the tendency of intravascular coagulation, which can easily form blood clots and induce heart attacks;
(4) Then there is the winter is the high incidence of respiratory diseases, such as upper respiratory tract infections, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc., these diseases can aggravate the condition of patients with coronary heart disease.
5, coronary heart disease patients in the winter to do those preparations?
Prevention from many aspects.
(1) First of all, it is best to do the necessary examination under the advice of the doctor and adjust the medication under the guidance of the doctor.
(2) Patients with coronary heart disease must pay attention to cold and warmth in the cold winter, especially for the face and limbs. You should avoid going out when the temperature is low so as not to be stimulated by the cold air. However, in order to strengthen the body’s resistance, some outdoor activities should be done properly when the weather is good. When exercising, you should be careful not to start too early. Because of the predominance of sympathetic excitability in the morning, the secretion of catechol increases, which can cause vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure, leading to coronary heart disease, angina and myocardial infarction.
(3) Both home and work environment should pay attention to the circulation of air in the room, if the room is not ventilated for a long time, it will lead to a lack of oxygen in the room, which is very easy to induce coronary heart disease, which is also not conducive to the prevention of colds and upper respiratory tract infections.
(4) In the diet to pay attention to eat more fiber, which can stimulate the secretion of digestive juices and intestinal peristalsis, help cholesterol discharge, can prevent constipation and reduce the rate of angina and myocardial infarction; winter body is very easy to lack of water, drink more water can reduce blood viscosity, to prevent myocardial infarction.
(5) In addition, elderly patients with coronary artery disease and their families should be aware that if patients have sudden onset of pain in the precordial region or back of the shoulder without obvious causes, or suddenly appear to hold their breath, blue lips, violent cough, coughing pink sputum, can not lie down and other symptoms should be alert to the occurrence of acute heart attack, should be immediately sent to the hospital for rescue.