How to detect coronary heart disease early?
If the following conditions occur, seek medical attention to detect coronary heart disease as early as possible so as not to delay the disease.
1.Posterior sternal or precordial area stuffiness, or tightness-like pain, radiating to the left shoulder and left lower arm, lasting for 3-5 minutes when exerting or nervous, such as climbing stairs, cycling, hiking or running, and relieved by itself after resting.
2.Physical activity with chest tightness, palpitations, shortness of breath, relieved on its own at rest.
3.Exercise-related headache, toothache, leg pain.
4.Persons with chest tightness and palpitations during a full meal, cold or watching a thriller.
5.When sleeping at night with a low pillow, you feel tightness in your chest and need to lie on a high pillow to feel comfortable; when sleeping or lying down during the day, you suddenly have chest pain, palpitations and difficulty in breathing, which can be relieved by sitting up or standing up immediately.
6, sexual exertion or forceful defecation when there is panic, chest tightness, shortness of breath or chest pain discomfort.
7, Hearing the sound of gongs and drums or other noise around will cause panic and chest tightness.
Why are smokers prone to coronary heart disease?
As we all know, smoking is harmful to human health because tobacco contains many harmful substances, especially substances that cause cancer and cardiovascular disease, and there are more than 10 kinds of chemicals related to the occurrence of coronary heart disease, mainly nicotine and carbon monoxide, these substances have the following harmful effects on the cardiovascular system: first of all, it affects lipid metabolism, so that the beneficial high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-ch (HDL-ch) decreases, and damages the endothelial cells that maintain the normal function of the arterial wall (intact skin cells have the function of maintaining the smoothness of the inner wall of blood vessels, preventing the formation of atheromatous plaque, and regulating the diastole and contraction of blood vessels), increasing the heart rate and cardiac output, and also causing blood pressure to rise due to vasoconstriction, all of which increase the burden on the heart and increase the rate of platelet aggregation and the increase of fibrinogen in the circulation, resulting in increased blood All these changes can promote or accelerate the formation of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries or cerebral arteries.
In addition, heavy smoking can also lead to coronary artery spasm, prompting or aggravating the occurrence of myocardial ischemia, and those who already have coronary heart disease can accelerate the development of the disease if they continue to smoke, prone to myocardial embolism.
Coronary heart disease nutrition guidelines
In developed countries, coronary heart disease accounts for the first place in the mortality rate of various diseases, and in us is also one of the common diseases of people’s health in Weihai. According to the survey, the occurrence of coronary heart disease is related to nutritional imbalance, therefore, reasonable dietary allocation is an important measure to prevent and treat coronary heart disease.
(1) Total calories should be controlled. Maintain the caloric balance, prevent and control obesity, and make the weight reach and maintain within the ideal range. Obese people have more combined coronary heart disease than normal weight people.
(2) Control fat and cholesterol intake. With the improvement of people’s living standard, food containing saturated fatty acids
The excessive intake of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol is the main dietary factor leading to hyperlipidemia, and hyperlipidemia is one of the main causes of coronary heart disease. Therefore, fat intake should be controlled so that the total fat intake accounts for less than 20%-25% of the total calories, of which animal fat should not exceed 1/3, and cholesterol intake should be controlled at less than 300 mg per day.
(3) The quality and quantity of protein should be appropriate. Plant protein should be appropriately increased, especially soy protein accounts for about 12% of total calories, of which high-quality protein accounts for 40%-50%, and animal protein and soy protein each account for half of high-quality protein.
(4) Adopt compound carbohydrates and control the intake of monosaccharides and polysaccharides. The proportion of fat calories to total calories should be reduced accordingly in order to increase the compound carbohydrates, with rice, noodles, mixed grains and other foods as the mainstay, and eat as little pure sugar food and its products as possible.
(5) Eat more vegetables and fruits. Because vegetables and fruits are the main source of vitamins, calcium, potassium, fiber and pectin. Food fiber and pectin can reduce the body’s absorption of cholesterol.
(6) Small and frequent meals. Avoid eating too much, too full, do not eat too greasy and salty food, the daily salt intake should be controlled at 3-5 grams.