1, the cigarette ignited to produce substances harmful to humans are broadly divided into six categories.
(1) aldehydes, nitrides, olefins, these substances have an irritating effect on the respiratory tract.
(2) nicotine, which can stimulate sympathetic nerves and cause damage to the intima.
(3) Amines, cyanide and heavy metals, which are toxic substances.
(4) benzpyrene, arsenic, cadmium, methylhydrazine, aminophenol, and other radioactive substances. All of these substances have carcinogenic effects.
(5) Phenolic compounds and formaldehyde, etc. These substances have the effect of accelerating carcinogenesis.
(6) carbon monoxide can reduce the ability of red blood cells to transport oxygen to the whole body.
2, the harm of smoking on the human body
A person who smokes 15 to 20 cigarettes a day, its susceptibility to lung cancer, oral cancer or laryngeal cancer to death than non-smokers 14 times greater; its susceptibility to esophageal cancer to death than non-smokers 4 times greater; the chances of dying from bladder cancer are twice as great; the chances of dying from heart disease are also twice as great. Cigarette smoking is a major cause of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and chronic lung disease itself increases the risk of pneumonia and heart disease, and smoking also increases the risk of high blood pressure.
Cigarette smoke (especially the tar it contains) is carcinogenic-that is, it can produce cancer in the tissues it touches, so any part of a smoker’s respiratory tract (including the mouth and throat) is at risk for cancer.
Nicotine increases heart rate and blood pressure, and tobacco smoke, probably due to the presence of carbon monoxide, appears to contribute to the accumulation of atherosclerosis, a condition that is a cause of many heart diseases, and heavy smokers have a much greater chance of dying from a heart attack than non-smokers.
Smoking women taking birth control pills will increase the risk of taking pregnancy pills, pregnant women who smoke 15 to 20 cigarettes a day, their chances of miscarriage than non-smoking women twice as large, and more likely to give birth to premature or weak babies, smoking women born in the postnatal period, the mortality rate of babies born than non-smoking women about 30% higher, and the so-called “clear pole Smoking”, or second-hand smoke, will increase the chances of non-smokers to get lung cancer, some brands of cigarettes tar and nicotine content is lower than other cigarettes, but the world’s party and military does not have a completely “safe” cigarettes exist. So, you change to smoking “light” cigarettes may not necessarily help. Habitual heavy smokers usually develop a habit of taking deeper puffs and increasing the number of light cigarettes when they switch to light cigarettes.
Most smokers like to swallow a certain amount of smoke, so the digestive tract (especially the esophagus and pharynx) is at risk for cancer.
The fine hairs in the lungs that line the airways usually remove foreign substances from the lung tissue. These hairs continuously sweep particles from the lungs into sputum or mucus and expel them. In addition to causing cancer, chemicals in tobacco smoke gradually destroy some hairs and increase mucus secretion, resulting in chronic lung disease and bronchitis. Obviously, the “smoker’s cough” is due to the impairment of the mechanical efficiency of lung cleansing, so that the amount of sputum increases.
Bladder cancer may be caused by the inhalation of cancer-causing chemicals contained in tar, which are absorbed into the bloodstream and then sampled out through the urine.
3.Cigarettes are the most vicious killer of life – China Consumers Association No. 13 consumer warning in 1999
Smoking is harmful to health, as we all know. However, many people you say your, I suck my. Some even think that smoking a cigarette is only a few seconds less life, smoking for life is less than two years, do not care. What’s even more frightening is that the current ranks of smokers in China are expanding, the per capita age of smokers is decreasing, female smokers are increasing, the average number of cigarettes smoked per day is increasing, and the number of people who die from various diseases caused by smoking is also increasing.
…… has a lot of facts that show that smoking is harmful to people’s health and has become one of the world’s public health hazards.
What are the toxins in tobacco? What diseases can smoking cause? How does it poison the human body? Why are countries around the world taking measures to control smoking? Medical science research in this area has never stopped. According to tests, the incomplete combustion process of cigarettes to occur in a series of thermal decomposition and thermal synthesis of chemical reactions, the formation of a large number of new substances, the harmful components of more than 3,000 kinds, including carcinogenic, carcinogenic substances on more than 30 kinds. People often say that nicotine, tobacco tar is only part of these toxic substances. To these two substances, for example, the former makes smokers addicted, and thus constantly victimized, the latter is through the deposition in the body, especially in the lungs, gradually become a “super killer”. Tests have shown that a cigarette contains nicotine can poison a mouse; 20 cigarettes of nicotine can poison a cow; human lethal amount is 50 mg-70 mg, equivalent to 20-25 cigarettes of nicotine content. If the nicotine from one cigar smoke or three cigarettes is injected into a person’s vein, it can kill in 3-5 minutes. Tobacco tar carcinogens and carcinogenic substances are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cellophane chemicals, which can be deposited in the lungs and, after years of accumulation, may become carcinogenic. Age 45 years, 20 years of smoking age than non-smokers suffer more than 10 times higher lung cancer.
Smoking can also cause acute poisoning death, China has long been smoking more fell to the ground, spitting yellow water and died, Chongzhen Emperor ordered a ban on smoking for this reason, the former Soviet Union had a young man smoking for the first time, smoking a large cigar died. Britain, a long-term smoking 40-year-old healthy man, engaged in an important work, a night of 14 cigars and 40 cigarettes, the morning felt uncomfortable, by the doctor’s resuscitation died, a club in France held a smoking competition, the winner in he smoked 60 paper cigarettes, did not have time to receive the prize that died, the other participants in the competition are life-threatening, to hospital resuscitation.
The social harm caused by smoking should not be underestimated. Because of smoking ignition littered with unextinguished cigarette butts, causing fire cases have been in the press, the most typical than the Daxinganling forest fire in May 1987. This fire caused a total of 6.913 billion yuan of heavy losses. Afterwards, it was found that this huge forest fire, the initial five fire points, four of them are human-induced, two of the fire points are three “smokers” cigarette ignited.
It is reported that medical scientists from China and abroad collaborated to conduct the largest survey ever involving 1.25 million people on the relationship between smoking and death in China. The survey showed that the number of deaths due to smoking is increasing dramatically in the Chinese male population. If current smoking conditions continue, China will face a massive epidemic of smoking-related diseases, with one third of young men eventually dying as a result of smoking. In China, smoking currently kills 2,000 people a day. Most of these are men. By 2025, the number of smoking-related deaths will rise to 2 million per year; by 2050, it will increase to 3 million. Unfortunately, many people in China severely underestimate the dangers of smoking,” said one worried expert. a national epidemiological survey of smoking behavior conducted in 1996 found that about two-thirds of people believed smoking was minimally or not at all harmful, nearly 60 percent did not know that smoking could cause lung cancer, and 96 percent did not know that smoking could cause heart disease. “Another expert provided even more frightening information; currently, about 10-15% of teenagers aged 9-12 in China smoke; about 35% or more of middle and high school students aged 12-15 smoke; 75% of high school and college students aged 16 or older smoke. Nationally, the average age of smoking initiation was 3 years earlier in 1996 than in 1984. The youngest smokers were only 7 years old. The number of cigarettes smoked per capita per day was 1 in 1952 and 4 in 1972.
The number of cigarettes per capita per day was 1 in 1952, 4 in 1972, and 10 in 1992, with female smokers moving from a period of decline to a period of rebound, currently accounting for about 3% of smokers, with a trend toward younger smokers.
To date, more than 25 tobacco-related diseases are known. Acute harms caused by tobacco include hypoxia, rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, impotence, infertility, and increased serum carbon dioxide concentration. The long-term harms of smoking are primarily illness and death, including heart attacks, strokes, lung cancer and other cancers. Studies have shown that smoking not only harms the smoker himself, but also endangers indirect smokers with many of the same diseases, especially for infants and young children, and can lead to acute death, respiratory disease and middle ear disease. The World Health Organization estimates that worldwide, the number of deaths from smoking-related diseases will exceed the total number of deaths caused by AIDS, tuberculosis, obstructed labor, car accidents, suicides, and homicides.
China attaches great importance to the promotion of smoking control and the protection of the rights of non-smokers. President Jiang Zemin said at the 10th World Conference on Tobacco and Health: “Our government has made great efforts in tobacco control from a practical point of view. In addition to extensive and in-depth publicity, we have promulgated health-friendly laws and regulations to promote tobacco control, and have strengthened scientific research and international academic exchanges on tobacco control. We have actively educated and guided adults positively, promoted a civilized and healthy lifestyle, and taken measures to strictly restrict smoking among primary and secondary school students and minors.” Leading comrades of the state and its ministries and commissions Li Peng, Zhu Solji, Li Lanqing, Rong Yiren, Wu Jieping, Peng Peiyun, Qian Zhengying, and Huang Hua have made instructions or inscriptions for tobacco control work. Relevant government departments have promulgated nearly 30 relevant regulations.
For the sake of consumer health, so that we have a comprehensive understanding of the quality of tobacco in China, to better promote tobacco control, the Chinese Consumers Association conducted a comparative test of 15 brands of cigarettes. From the results of the comparative test, the main quality indicators are in line with national standards and the amount of tobacco tar, nicotine logo on the box and contains the warning “smoking is harmful to health”. However, compared with foreign cigarette standards, China’s cigarettes contain higher amounts of tar and nicotine than similar foreign products, which shows that the current market in line with national standards of tobacco harm can not be underestimated. To fully reflect the actual situation of China’s tobacco market, the China Consumers Association intends to expand the scope of this comparative test and the situation of smokers and non-smokers in China to conduct a large-scale survey on the awareness of smoking, and will promptly publish the results of the survey.
Because the nicotine (nicotine) in tobacco has strong addictive properties, it is not easy for more people to quit it quickly. We set out the facts, reasoning, talk about the harm, aimed at warning consumers, especially consumers who smoke to cherish life, maintain health, and resolutely do not smoke.
4.The harmful effects of smoking
Important effects on the body organs
・ Causes many kinds of serious lung diseases, including lung cancer, emphysema, chronic bronchitis
・ Closure and narrowing of heart vessels, leading to coronary heart disease
・ Constriction of blood vessels, reducing blood supply to various organs, including the brain, leading to stroke
・ Causes faster bone loss, making bones fragile and prone to fracture
Cancer
・ Besides lung cancer, it also causes other types of cancer, including laryngeal cancer and esophageal cancer.
Effects on men and women
・ Affects sexual performance of men and fertility of women and men
Effects on fetal and child development
・ Pregnant women who smoke or are exposed to secondhand smoke can affect the growth of the fetus, which can lead to miscarriage in severe cases; babies will be born at a lower weight and their physical and intellectual development will be affected.
Secondhand smoke
・ It also increases the chance of lung cancer, heart disease and other smoking-related diseases in people who are forced to inhale secondhand smoke
・ Increases the risk of bronchitis, pneumonia, and otitis media in children
・ Causes asthma
Experts say that the method of quitting smoking completely at once will not only make it physically unbearable for the quitter to suffer from the addiction, but will also easily break his or her spirit. The reason is that for the quitter, the determination to “never smoke cigarettes again” can already be described as “the most tragic”. Even so, it is not possible to last long, and it seems that there is no hope to quit smoking for good.
Is that the case? No. There are many ways to quit smoking. There are many ways to quit smoking, so why should you choose the hardest one? Nowadays, there is a whole range of complementary therapies used to alleviate the pain caused by quitting smoking, specifically the following.
I. Nicotine replacement therapy
That is, products containing traces of nicotine, such as chewing gum, nasal sprays or creams applied to the skin, are used to help quitters relieve the intense symptoms of irritability, insomnia and anxiety during the process of quitting smoking. The nicotine in these alternative products enters the bloodstream much more slowly than smoking, but all provide quick and effective relief from the addiction. Compared to chewing gum and nasal sprays, skin creams are easier to use and are especially useful for people with sinusitis and nasal allergies. However, pregnant women and people with heart disease and high blood pressure should not use these nicotine substitutes without permission unless they follow medical advice.
Second, medication-assisted treatment
There is a prescription medication called Zyban, which can reduce the violent reactions to the smoking cessation process by acting on the brain. It can be used alone or together with skin creams to increase the chances of success in quitting. However, if you have a physical or mental disorder, have suffered a head injury, have had a stroke, or are already taking antidepressants, you should not take “Jai Ban”.
Acupuncture Acupuncture can be helpful in the short term, but its long-term effectiveness needs to be confirmed by further research.
Useful tips
Before deciding to implement a smoking cessation program, you must have a thorough consideration and mental preparation for the various problems associated with quitting smoking, and learn some useful skills. These techniques include: doing exercises, meditation, breathing in and out slowly and counting silently from 1 to 10, and one thing you must be specially trained to do is to say politely but firmly, “No, thank you,” when someone offers you a cigarette.
Regardless of which method you use to quit, it is important to have the full support of family, friends and social groups who can effectively urge you to implement your quit plan and help you reduce the physical and emotional stress you are under. The key to success, of course, is you. When you are feeling miserable or about to despair, remember the phrase: “No one will die from quitting. Someone said, “A cigarette after a meal is better than a living god.” Therefore, some people, especially some young people, are often intoxicated by “swallowing clouds and exhaling fog”. Unbeknownst to them, in their leisurely self-congratulation, tobacco in a variety of toxic substances will launch a brutal attack on them.
According to analysis, tobacco contains about more than 1,200 compounds, most of which are toxic to humans, especially nicotine, especially harmful. A cigarette nicotine, can poison a mouse, 20 cigarettes in the nicotine can poison a cow. A person who smokes 20-25 cigarettes a day will inhale 50-70mg of nicotine, which is enough to kill a person, only because they are gradually inhaled, plus the human body has a certain detoxification capacity, it was spared.
Adolescents are growing and developing, the harmful toxic substances are more easily absorbed than adults, and more deeply poisoned. Smoking also affects the development of moral character of young people.
The issue of smoking control has become a common concern in all countries. Smoking is seen as an uncivilized habit in the minds of people. The more developed countries are, the more measures are in place to restrict smoking and the number of smokers is gradually decreasing. In 1979, China’s State Council approved the Ministry of Health and other “notice on the publicity of the harmful effects of smoking and control of smoking”, many health experts also issued a strong appeal, especially that the problem of smoking among young people should attract the attention and concern of the whole society, that this is related to improve the quality of the nation and create a good social climate of the important .