Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (lumbar herniation) Treatment features: Using natural physiological anatomical gaps such as intervertebral foramen and intervertebral plate, minimally invasive technology is used to achieve 360-degree nerve decompression with minimal trauma, relieving pain and curing disease, with better surgical results, faster recovery and less pain. Scope of treatment: various kinds of lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis, cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal canal tumors, etc. Lumbar disc herniation is one of the more common diseases, mainly because the lumbar disc parts (nucleus pulposus, fibrous ring, cartilage plate), especially the nucleus pulposus, have different degrees of degeneration, under the action of external force, the fibrous ring of the disc rupture, the nucleus pulposus tissue from the rupture protrudes into the spinal canal, resulting in the adjacent spinal nerve roots The nucleus pulposus protrudes from the rupture and causes the adjacent spinal nerve roots to be stimulated and compressed, resulting in a series of clinical symptoms such as lumbar pain, numbness and pain in one or both lower extremities. The incidence of lumbar disc herniation is highest in lumbar 4-5 and lumbar 5-sacral 1, accounting for 90%. Basic etiology: degeneration of the lumbar disc is the basic factor; injury; weakness of the disc’s own anatomical factors; genetic factors, etc. Predisposing factors: on the basis of the basic factors, a certain factor that can induce a sudden increase in intervertebral pressure can cause the nucleus pulposus to herniate. Clinical symptoms: Low back pain: The first symptom in most patients is pain in the lower back due to irritation of the posterior longitudinal ligament, the outer layer of the annulus fibrosus, via the sinus vertebralis. Lower extremity radiating pain: mainly sciatica. Typically, sciatica radiates from the lower lumbar region to the buttocks, posterior thighs, and lateral calves up to the feet, and the pain is aggravated by increased abdominal pressure such as sneezing and coughing. The radiating pain is mostly on one side of the limb, and only a few central types have symptoms in both lower limbs. Cauda equina symptoms: The nucleus pulposus protruding posteriorly compresses the cauda equina nerve, which may manifest as large and small bowel obstruction, abnormal perineal and perianal sensation, and in severe cases, loss of control of urination and defecation and incomplete paralysis of both lower limbs. Main examination: lumbar spine X-ray, CT, MRI. Treatment: Non-surgical treatment (conservative treatment): mainly for young, first attack or those with a short course of disease and mild symptoms. The first attack should be strictly bed rest, and after 3 weeks, the patient can wear a lumbar brace to protect the bed activities and refrain from bending and weight-bearing movements for 3 months. Traction, physiotherapy and massage can relieve muscle spasm and reduce pressure within the intervertebral disc. Corticosteroid epidural injection can reduce inflammation and adhesions around the nerve roots. Surgical treatment: Indications: history of more than three months, ineffective strictly conservative treatment or effective conservative treatment, but frequent recurrence of pain; first attack, but severe pain, especially in the lower extremities, the patient has difficulty moving and sleeping, in a forced position, combined with the expression of cauda equina compression, single nerve root paralysis, with muscle atrophy, muscle strength loss; combined with spinal stenosis Surgical method: posterior lumbar back With the development of society and medical technology, the concept of minimally invasive technology has become more and more widely recognized. The result is the same as conventional surgery with faster recovery and less pain. The current minimally invasive spine surgery techniques are as follows: foraminoscopic neurological decompression, interlaminar approach neurological decompression, spinal endoscopic discectomy, and minimally invasive MISS-TLIF technique, with a very short hospital stay of 3-5 days. Our department has undergone four generations of various neurospinal surgeries and is now focusing on minimally invasive spine surgery techniques, and has matured into various minimally invasive spine techniques. Currently, the department is equipped with modern equipment such as international high-end neurospinal navigation systems, neuroelectrophysiological monitoring systems, high-end microscopes, endoscopes and various minimally invasive access systems to meet the needs of a full range of minimally invasive spine techniques, and through minimally invasive methods can deal with about 95 More than 95% of spinal lesions, various lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis, cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal canal tumors, etc. can be treated through minimally invasive methods. Outstanding technical features: using the natural space of the intervertebral foramen, the treatment of lumbar disc herniation and spinal stenosis through neuroendoscopic technology under local anesthesia is less invasive, with a skin incision of only 17.5px, the size of a soybean grain, less than 20ml of bleeding, and only one stitch after surgery, which is safe, less painful, and quicker to recover, and the efficacy reaches or even exceeds that of conventional open surgery, and you can get out of bed on the second day.