The macula of the eye is located in the innermost posterior pole of the eye wall and is named because of the rich yellow pigment in this area. There is no blood vessel in the macula, and there is a small concavity in the center of the macula, which is called the central macular concavity. Under the examiner’s eye, a reflective spot can be seen in the central recess, which is called central recess reflex. There are only cone cells in the central recess, and the transmission of neurons there is connected by a single line, which is the most sensitive part of the retina for vision. Common macular diseases include age-related macular degeneration, myopic macular degeneration, macular fissure, macular cystoid edema, as well as central plasmacytoid chorioretinopathy and central exudative chorioretinopathy.